We don't need this version.
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parent
9e534977ef
commit
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635
archivemail.1
635
archivemail.1
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.\" archivemail man page
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.if !\n(.g \{\
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. if !\w|\*(lq| \{\
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. ds lq ``
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. if \w'\(lq' .ds lq "\(lq
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. \}
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. if !\w|\*(rq| \{\
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. ds rq ''
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. if \w'\(rq' .ds rq "\(rq
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. \}
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.\}
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.de Id
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.ds Dt \\$4
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..
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.TH archivemail 1 \*(Dt "GNU Project"
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.SH NAME
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archivemail \- archive and compress old email
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B archivemail
|
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.RI [ options ]
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.I FILE
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.RI [ FILE .\|.\|.]
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.br
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.PP
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.B archivemail
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archives and compresses and
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.IR FILE s
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.IR PATTERN .
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By default,
|
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.B grep
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||||||
prints the matching lines.
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||||||
.PP
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In addition, two variant programs
|
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||||||
.B egrep
|
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||||||
and
|
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.B fgrep
|
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||||||
are available.
|
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||||||
.B Egrep
|
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is the same as
|
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.BR "grep\ \-E" .
|
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.B Fgrep
|
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is the same as
|
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.BR "grep\ \-F" .
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.SH OPTIONS
|
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.TP
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.BI \-A " NUM" "\fR,\fP \-\^\-after-context=" NUM
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Print
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.I NUM
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||||||
lines of trailing context after matching lines.
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.TP
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.BR \-a ", " \-\^\-text
|
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Process a binary file as if it were text; this is equivalent to the
|
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.B \-\^\-binary-files=text
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||||||
option.
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.TP
|
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||||||
.BI \-B " NUM" "\fR,\fP \-\^\-before-context=" NUM
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|
||||||
Print
|
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||||||
.I NUM
|
|
||||||
lines of leading context before matching lines.
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.TP
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\fB\-C\fP [\fINUM\fP], \fB\-\fP\fINUM\fP, \fB\-\^\-context\fP[\fB=\fP\fINUM\fP]
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Print
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||||||
.I NUM
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||||||
lines (default 2) of output context.
|
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.TP
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.BR \-b ", " \-\^\-byte-offset
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Print the byte offset within the input file before
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each line of output.
|
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.TP
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.BI \-\^\-binary-files= TYPE
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If the first few bytes of a file indicate that the file contains binary
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data, assume that the file is of type
|
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.IR TYPE .
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By default,
|
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.I TYPE
|
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||||||
is
|
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.BR binary ,
|
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||||||
and
|
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||||||
.B grep
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normally outputs either
|
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||||||
a one-line message saying that a binary file matches, or no message if
|
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||||||
there is no match.
|
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If
|
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||||||
.I TYPE
|
|
||||||
is
|
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.BR without-match ,
|
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||||||
.B grep
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|
||||||
assumes that a binary file does not match; this is equivalent to the
|
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.B \-I
|
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option.
|
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If
|
|
||||||
.I TYPE
|
|
||||||
is
|
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||||||
.BR text ,
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
processes a binary file as if it were text; this is equivalent to the
|
|
||||||
.B \-a
|
|
||||||
option.
|
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||||||
.I Warning:
|
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||||||
.B "grep \-\^\-binary-files=text"
|
|
||||||
might output binary garbage,
|
|
||||||
which can have nasty side effects if the output is a terminal and if the
|
|
||||||
terminal driver interprets some of it as commands.
|
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||||||
.TP
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||||||
.BR \-c ", " \-\^\-count
|
|
||||||
Suppress normal output; instead print a count of
|
|
||||||
matching lines for each input file.
|
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||||||
With the
|
|
||||||
.BR \-v ", " \-\^\-invert-match
|
|
||||||
option (see below), count non-matching lines.
|
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.TP
|
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||||||
.BI \-d " ACTION" "\fR,\fP \-\^\-directories=" ACTION
|
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||||||
If an input file is a directory, use
|
|
||||||
.I ACTION
|
|
||||||
to process it. By default,
|
|
||||||
.I ACTION
|
|
||||||
is
|
|
||||||
.BR read ,
|
|
||||||
which means that directories are read just as if they were ordinary files.
|
|
||||||
If
|
|
||||||
.I ACTION
|
|
||||||
is
|
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||||||
.BR skip ,
|
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||||||
directories are silently skipped.
|
|
||||||
If
|
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||||||
.I ACTION
|
|
||||||
is
|
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||||||
.BR recurse ,
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
reads all files under each directory, recursively;
|
|
||||||
this is equivalent to the
|
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||||||
.B \-r
|
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option.
|
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.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-E ", " \-\^\-extended-regexp
|
|
||||||
Interpret
|
|
||||||
.I PATTERN
|
|
||||||
as an extended regular expression (see below).
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
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||||||
.BI \-e " PATTERN" "\fR,\fP \-\^\-regexp=" PATTERN
|
|
||||||
Use
|
|
||||||
.I PATTERN
|
|
||||||
as the pattern; useful to protect patterns beginning with
|
|
||||||
.BR \- .
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|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-F ", " \-\^\-fixed-strings
|
|
||||||
Interpret
|
|
||||||
.I PATTERN
|
|
||||||
as a list of fixed strings, separated by newlines,
|
|
||||||
any of which is to be matched.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
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||||||
.BI \-f " FILE" "\fR,\fP \-\^\-file=" FILE
|
|
||||||
Obtain patterns from
|
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.IR FILE ,
|
|
||||||
one per line.
|
|
||||||
The empty file contains zero patterns, and therefore matches nothing.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
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||||||
.BR \-G ", " \-\^\-basic-regexp
|
|
||||||
Interpret
|
|
||||||
.I PATTERN
|
|
||||||
as a basic regular expression (see below). This is the default.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-H ", " \-\^\-with-filename
|
|
||||||
Print the filename for each match.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-h ", " \-\^\-no-filename
|
|
||||||
Suppress the prefixing of filenames on output
|
|
||||||
when multiple files are searched.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
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||||||
.B \-\^\-help
|
|
||||||
Output a brief help message.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-I
|
|
||||||
Process a binary file as if it did not contain matching data; this is
|
|
||||||
equivalent to the
|
|
||||||
.B \-\^\-binary-files=without-match
|
|
||||||
option.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-i ", " \-\^\-ignore-case
|
|
||||||
Ignore case distinctions in both the
|
|
||||||
.I PATTERN
|
|
||||||
and the input files.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-L ", " \-\^\-files-without-match
|
|
||||||
Suppress normal output; instead print the name
|
|
||||||
of each input file from which no output would
|
|
||||||
normally have been printed. The scanning will stop
|
|
||||||
on the first match.
|
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||||||
.TP
|
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||||||
.BR \-l ", " \-\^\-files-with-matches
|
|
||||||
Suppress normal output; instead print
|
|
||||||
the name of each input file from which output
|
|
||||||
would normally have been printed. The scanning will
|
|
||||||
stop on the first match.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.B \-\^\-mmap
|
|
||||||
If possible, use the
|
|
||||||
.BR mmap (2)
|
|
||||||
system call to read input, instead of
|
|
||||||
the default
|
|
||||||
.BR read (2)
|
|
||||||
system call. In some situations,
|
|
||||||
.B \-\^\-mmap
|
|
||||||
yields better performance. However,
|
|
||||||
.B \-\^\-mmap
|
|
||||||
can cause undefined behavior (including core dumps)
|
|
||||||
if an input file shrinks while
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
is operating, or if an I/O error occurs.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-n ", " \-\^\-line-number
|
|
||||||
Prefix each line of output with the line number
|
|
||||||
within its input file.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-q ", " \-\^\-quiet ", " \-\^\-silent
|
|
||||||
Quiet; suppress normal output. The scanning will stop
|
|
||||||
on the first match.
|
|
||||||
Also see the
|
|
||||||
.B \-s
|
|
||||||
or
|
|
||||||
.B \-\^\-no-messages
|
|
||||||
option below.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-r ", " \-\^\-recursive
|
|
||||||
Read all files under each directory, recursively;
|
|
||||||
this is equivalent to the
|
|
||||||
.B "\-d recurse"
|
|
||||||
option.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-s ", " \-\^\-no-messages
|
|
||||||
Suppress error messages about nonexistent or unreadable files.
|
|
||||||
Portability note: unlike \s-1GNU\s0
|
|
||||||
.BR grep ,
|
|
||||||
traditional
|
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||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
did not conform to \s-1POSIX.2\s0, because traditional
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
lacked a
|
|
||||||
.B \-q
|
|
||||||
option and its
|
|
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.B \-s
|
|
||||||
option behaved like \s-1GNU\s0
|
|
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.BR grep 's
|
|
||||||
.B \-q
|
|
||||||
option.
|
|
||||||
Shell scripts intended to be portable to traditional
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
should avoid both
|
|
||||||
.B \-q
|
|
||||||
and
|
|
||||||
.B \-s
|
|
||||||
and should redirect output to /dev/null instead.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-U ", " \-\^\-binary
|
|
||||||
Treat the file(s) as binary. By default, under MS-DOS and MS-Windows,
|
|
||||||
.BR grep
|
|
||||||
guesses the file type by looking at the contents of the first 32KB
|
|
||||||
read from the file. If
|
|
||||||
.BR grep
|
|
||||||
decides the file is a text file, it strips the CR characters from the
|
|
||||||
original file contents (to make regular expressions with
|
|
||||||
.B ^
|
|
||||||
and
|
|
||||||
.B $
|
|
||||||
work correctly). Specifying
|
|
||||||
.B \-U
|
|
||||||
overrules this guesswork, causing all files to be read and passed to the
|
|
||||||
matching mechanism verbatim; if the file is a text file with CR/LF
|
|
||||||
pairs at the end of each line, this will cause some regular
|
|
||||||
expressions to fail.
|
|
||||||
This option has no effect on platforms other than MS-DOS and
|
|
||||||
MS-Windows.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-u ", " \-\^\-unix-byte-offsets
|
|
||||||
Report Unix-style byte offsets. This switch causes
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
to report byte offsets as if the file were Unix-style text file, i.e. with
|
|
||||||
CR characters stripped off. This will produce results identical to running
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
on a Unix machine. This option has no effect unless
|
|
||||||
.B \-b
|
|
||||||
option is also used;
|
|
||||||
it has no effect on platforms other than MS-DOS and MS-Windows.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-V ", " \-\^\-version
|
|
||||||
Print the version number of
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
to standard error. This version number should
|
|
||||||
be included in all bug reports (see below).
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-v ", " \-\^\-invert-match
|
|
||||||
Invert the sense of matching, to select non-matching lines.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-w ", " \-\^\-word-regexp
|
|
||||||
Select only those lines containing matches that form whole words.
|
|
||||||
The test is that the matching substring must either be at the
|
|
||||||
beginning of the line, or preceded by a non-word constituent
|
|
||||||
character. Similarly, it must be either at the end of the line
|
|
||||||
or followed by a non-word constituent character. Word-constituent
|
|
||||||
characters are letters, digits, and the underscore.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-x ", " \-\^\-line-regexp
|
|
||||||
Select only those matches that exactly match the whole line.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.B \-y
|
|
||||||
Obsolete synonym for
|
|
||||||
.BR \-i .
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BR \-Z ", " \-\^\-null
|
|
||||||
Output a zero byte (the \s-1ASCII\s0
|
|
||||||
.B NUL
|
|
||||||
character) instead of the character that normally follows a file name.
|
|
||||||
For example,
|
|
||||||
.B "grep \-lZ"
|
|
||||||
outputs a zero byte after each file name instead of the usual newline.
|
|
||||||
This option makes the output unambiguous, even in the presence of file
|
|
||||||
names containing unusual characters like newlines. This option can be
|
|
||||||
used with commands like
|
|
||||||
.BR "find \-print0" ,
|
|
||||||
.BR "perl \-0" ,
|
|
||||||
.BR "sort \-z" ,
|
|
||||||
and
|
|
||||||
.B "xargs \-0"
|
|
||||||
to process arbitrary file names,
|
|
||||||
even those that contain newline characters.
|
|
||||||
.SH "REGULAR EXPRESSIONS"
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
A regular expression is a pattern that describes a set of strings.
|
|
||||||
Regular expressions are constructed analogously to arithmetic
|
|
||||||
expressions, by using various operators to combine smaller expressions.
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
.B Grep
|
|
||||||
understands two different versions of regular expression syntax:
|
|
||||||
\*(lqbasic\*(rq and \*(lqextended.\*(rq In
|
|
||||||
.RB "\s-1GNU\s0\ " grep ,
|
|
||||||
there is no difference in available functionality using either syntax.
|
|
||||||
In other implementations, basic regular expressions are less powerful.
|
|
||||||
The following description applies to extended regular expressions;
|
|
||||||
differences for basic regular expressions are summarized afterwards.
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
The fundamental building blocks are the regular expressions that match
|
|
||||||
a single character. Most characters, including all letters and digits,
|
|
||||||
are regular expressions that match themselves. Any metacharacter with
|
|
||||||
special meaning may be quoted by preceding it with a backslash.
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
A list of characters enclosed by
|
|
||||||
.B [
|
|
||||||
and
|
|
||||||
.B ]
|
|
||||||
matches any single
|
|
||||||
character in that list; if the first character of the list
|
|
||||||
is the caret
|
|
||||||
.B ^
|
|
||||||
then it matches any character
|
|
||||||
.I not
|
|
||||||
in the list.
|
|
||||||
For example, the regular expression
|
|
||||||
.B [0123456789]
|
|
||||||
matches any single digit. A range of characters
|
|
||||||
may be specified by giving the first and last characters, separated
|
|
||||||
by a hyphen.
|
|
||||||
Finally, certain named classes of characters are predefined.
|
|
||||||
Their names are self explanatory, and they are
|
|
||||||
.BR [:alnum:] ,
|
|
||||||
.BR [:alpha:] ,
|
|
||||||
.BR [:cntrl:] ,
|
|
||||||
.BR [:digit:] ,
|
|
||||||
.BR [:graph:] ,
|
|
||||||
.BR [:lower:] ,
|
|
||||||
.BR [:print:] ,
|
|
||||||
.BR [:punct:] ,
|
|
||||||
.BR [:space:] ,
|
|
||||||
.BR [:upper:] ,
|
|
||||||
and
|
|
||||||
.BR [:xdigit:].
|
|
||||||
For example,
|
|
||||||
.B [[:alnum:]]
|
|
||||||
means
|
|
||||||
.BR [0-9A-Za-z] ,
|
|
||||||
except the latter form depends upon the \s-1POSIX\s0 locale and the
|
|
||||||
\s-1ASCII\s0 character encoding, whereas the former is independent
|
|
||||||
of locale and character set.
|
|
||||||
(Note that the brackets in these class names are part of the symbolic
|
|
||||||
names, and must be included in addition to the brackets delimiting
|
|
||||||
the bracket list.) Most metacharacters lose their special meaning
|
|
||||||
inside lists. To include a literal
|
|
||||||
.B ]
|
|
||||||
place it first in the list. Similarly, to include a literal
|
|
||||||
.B ^
|
|
||||||
place it anywhere but first. Finally, to include a literal
|
|
||||||
.B \-
|
|
||||||
place it last.
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
The period
|
|
||||||
.B .
|
|
||||||
matches any single character.
|
|
||||||
The symbol
|
|
||||||
.B \ew
|
|
||||||
is a synonym for
|
|
||||||
.B [[:alnum:]]
|
|
||||||
and
|
|
||||||
.B \eW
|
|
||||||
is a synonym for
|
|
||||||
.BR [^[:alnum]] .
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
The caret
|
|
||||||
.B ^
|
|
||||||
and the dollar sign
|
|
||||||
.B $
|
|
||||||
are metacharacters that respectively match the empty string at the
|
|
||||||
beginning and end of a line.
|
|
||||||
The symbols
|
|
||||||
.B \e<
|
|
||||||
and
|
|
||||||
.B \e>
|
|
||||||
respectively match the empty string at the beginning and end of a word.
|
|
||||||
The symbol
|
|
||||||
.B \eb
|
|
||||||
matches the empty string at the edge of a word,
|
|
||||||
and
|
|
||||||
.B \eB
|
|
||||||
matches the empty string provided it's
|
|
||||||
.I not
|
|
||||||
at the edge of a word.
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
A regular expression may be followed by one of several repetition operators:
|
|
||||||
.PD 0
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.B ?
|
|
||||||
The preceding item is optional and matched at most once.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.B *
|
|
||||||
The preceding item will be matched zero or more times.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.B +
|
|
||||||
The preceding item will be matched one or more times.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BI { n }
|
|
||||||
The preceding item is matched exactly
|
|
||||||
.I n
|
|
||||||
times.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BI { n ,}
|
|
||||||
The preceding item is matched
|
|
||||||
.I n
|
|
||||||
or more times.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.BI { n , m }
|
|
||||||
The preceding item is matched at least
|
|
||||||
.I n
|
|
||||||
times, but not more than
|
|
||||||
.I m
|
|
||||||
times.
|
|
||||||
.PD
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
Two regular expressions may be concatenated; the resulting
|
|
||||||
regular expression matches any string formed by concatenating
|
|
||||||
two substrings that respectively match the concatenated
|
|
||||||
subexpressions.
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
Two regular expressions may be joined by the infix operator
|
|
||||||
.BR | ;
|
|
||||||
the resulting regular expression matches any string matching
|
|
||||||
either subexpression.
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
Repetition takes precedence over concatenation, which in turn
|
|
||||||
takes precedence over alternation. A whole subexpression may be
|
|
||||||
enclosed in parentheses to override these precedence rules.
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
The backreference
|
|
||||||
.BI \e n\c
|
|
||||||
\&, where
|
|
||||||
.I n
|
|
||||||
is a single digit, matches the substring
|
|
||||||
previously matched by the
|
|
||||||
.IR n th
|
|
||||||
parenthesized subexpression of the regular expression.
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
In basic regular expressions the metacharacters
|
|
||||||
.BR ? ,
|
|
||||||
.BR + ,
|
|
||||||
.BR { ,
|
|
||||||
.BR | ,
|
|
||||||
.BR ( ,
|
|
||||||
and
|
|
||||||
.BR )
|
|
||||||
lose their special meaning; instead use the backslashed
|
|
||||||
versions
|
|
||||||
.BR \e? ,
|
|
||||||
.BR \e+ ,
|
|
||||||
.BR \e{ ,
|
|
||||||
.BR \e| ,
|
|
||||||
.BR \e( ,
|
|
||||||
and
|
|
||||||
.BR \e) .
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
Traditional
|
|
||||||
.B egrep
|
|
||||||
did not support the
|
|
||||||
.B {
|
|
||||||
metacharacter, and some
|
|
||||||
.B egrep
|
|
||||||
implementations support
|
|
||||||
.B \e{
|
|
||||||
instead, so portable scripts should avoid
|
|
||||||
.B {
|
|
||||||
in
|
|
||||||
.B egrep
|
|
||||||
patterns and should use
|
|
||||||
.B [{]
|
|
||||||
to match a literal
|
|
||||||
.BR { .
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
\s-1GNU\s0
|
|
||||||
.B egrep
|
|
||||||
attempts to support traditional usage by assuming that
|
|
||||||
.B {
|
|
||||||
is not special if it would be the start of an invalid interval
|
|
||||||
specification. For example, the shell command
|
|
||||||
.B "egrep '{1'"
|
|
||||||
searches for the two-character string
|
|
||||||
.B {1
|
|
||||||
instead of reporting a syntax error in the regular expression.
|
|
||||||
\s-1POSIX.2\s0 allows this behavior as an extension, but portable scripts
|
|
||||||
should avoid it.
|
|
||||||
.SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES"
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.B GREP_OPTIONS
|
|
||||||
This variable specifies default options to be placed in front of any
|
|
||||||
explicit options. For example, if
|
|
||||||
.B GREP_OPTIONS
|
|
||||||
is
|
|
||||||
.BR "'\-\^\-binary-files=without-match \-\^\-directories=skip'" ,
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
behaves as if the two options
|
|
||||||
.B \-\^\-binary-files=without-match
|
|
||||||
and
|
|
||||||
.B \-\^\-directories=skip
|
|
||||||
had been specified before any explicit options.
|
|
||||||
Option specifications are separated by whitespace.
|
|
||||||
A backslash escapes the next character,
|
|
||||||
so it can be used to specify an option containing whitespace or a backslash.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
\fBLC_ALL\fP, \fBLC_MESSAGES\fP, \fBLANG\fP
|
|
||||||
These variables specify the
|
|
||||||
.B LC_MESSAGES
|
|
||||||
locale, which determines the language that
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
uses for messages.
|
|
||||||
The locale is determined by the first of these variables that is set.
|
|
||||||
American English is used if none of these environment variables are set,
|
|
||||||
or if the message catalog is not installed, or if
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
was not compiled with national language support (\s-1NLS\s0).
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
\fBLC_ALL\fP, \fBLC_CTYPE\fP, \fBLANG\fP
|
|
||||||
These variables specify the
|
|
||||||
.B LC_CTYPE
|
|
||||||
locale, which determines the type of characters, e.g., which
|
|
||||||
characters are whitespace.
|
|
||||||
The locale is determined by the first of these variables that is set.
|
|
||||||
The \s-1POSIX\s0 locale is used if none of these environment variables
|
|
||||||
are set, or if the locale catalog is not installed, or if
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
was not compiled with national language support (\s-1NLS\s0).
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
.B POSIXLY_CORRECT
|
|
||||||
If set,
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
behaves as \s-1POSIX.2\s0 requires; otherwise,
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
behaves more like other \s-1GNU\s0 programs.
|
|
||||||
\s-1POSIX.2\s0 requires that options that follow file names must be
|
|
||||||
treated as file names; by default, such options are permuted to the
|
|
||||||
front of the operand list and are treated as options.
|
|
||||||
Also, \s-1POSIX.2\s0 requires that unrecognized options be diagnosed as
|
|
||||||
\*(lqillegal\*(rq, but since they are not really against the law the default
|
|
||||||
is to diagnose them as \*(lqinvalid\*(rq.
|
|
||||||
.B POSIXLY_CORRECT
|
|
||||||
also disables \fB_\fP\fIN\fP\fB_GNU_nonoption_argv_flags_\fP,
|
|
||||||
described below.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
|
||||||
\fB_\fP\fIN\fP\fB_GNU_nonoption_argv_flags_\fP
|
|
||||||
(Here
|
|
||||||
.I N
|
|
||||||
is
|
|
||||||
.BR grep 's
|
|
||||||
numeric process ID.) If the
|
|
||||||
.IR i th
|
|
||||||
character of this environment variable's value is
|
|
||||||
.BR 1 ,
|
|
||||||
do not consider the
|
|
||||||
.IR i th
|
|
||||||
operand of
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
to be an option, even if it appears to be one.
|
|
||||||
A shell can put this variable in the environment for each command it runs,
|
|
||||||
specifying which operands are the results of file name wildcard
|
|
||||||
expansion and therefore should not be treated as options.
|
|
||||||
This behavior is available only with the \s-1GNU\s0 C library, and only
|
|
||||||
when
|
|
||||||
.B POSIXLY_CORRECT
|
|
||||||
is not set.
|
|
||||||
.SH DIAGNOSTICS
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
Normally, exit status is 0 if matches were found,
|
|
||||||
and 1 if no matches were found. (The
|
|
||||||
.B \-v
|
|
||||||
option inverts the sense of the exit status.)
|
|
||||||
Exit status is 2 if there were syntax errors
|
|
||||||
in the pattern, inaccessible input files, or
|
|
||||||
other system errors.
|
|
||||||
.SH BUGS
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
Email bug reports to
|
|
||||||
.BR bug-gnu-utils@gnu.org .
|
|
||||||
Be sure to include the word \*(lqgrep\*(rq somewhere in the
|
|
||||||
\*(lqSubject:\*(rq field.
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
Large repetition counts in the
|
|
||||||
.BI { m , n }
|
|
||||||
construct may cause grep to use lots of memory.
|
|
||||||
In addition,
|
|
||||||
certain other obscure regular expressions require exponential time
|
|
||||||
and space, and may cause
|
|
||||||
.B grep
|
|
||||||
to run out of memory.
|
|
||||||
.PP
|
|
||||||
Backreferences are very slow, and may require exponential time.
|
|
||||||
.\" Work around problems with some troff -man implementations.
|
|
||||||
.br
|
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue