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Louis Vézina
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Behold, mortal, the origins of Beautiful Soup...
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================================================
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Leonard Richardson is the primary programmer.
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Aaron DeVore is awesome.
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Mark Pilgrim provided the encoding detection code that forms the base
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of UnicodeDammit.
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Thomas Kluyver and Ezio Melotti finished the work of getting Beautiful
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Soup 4 working under Python 3.
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Simon Willison wrote soupselect, which was used to make Beautiful Soup
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support CSS selectors.
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Sam Ruby helped with a lot of edge cases.
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Jonathan Ellis was awarded the prestigous Beau Potage D'Or for his
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work in solving the nestable tags conundrum.
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An incomplete list of people have contributed patches to Beautiful
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Soup:
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Istvan Albert, Andrew Lin, Anthony Baxter, Andrew Boyko, Tony Chang,
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Zephyr Fang, Fuzzy, Roman Gaufman, Yoni Gilad, Richie Hindle, Peteris
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Krumins, Kent Johnson, Ben Last, Robert Leftwich, Staffan Malmgren,
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Ksenia Marasanova, JP Moins, Adam Monsen, John Nagle, "Jon", Ed
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Oskiewicz, Greg Phillips, Giles Radford, Arthur Rudolph, Marko
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Samastur, Jouni Seppänen, Alexander Schmolck, Andy Theyers, Glyn
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Webster, Paul Wright, Danny Yoo
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An incomplete list of people who made suggestions or found bugs or
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found ways to break Beautiful Soup:
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Hanno Böck, Matteo Bertini, Chris Curvey, Simon Cusack, Bruce Eckel,
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Matt Ernst, Michael Foord, Tom Harris, Bill de hOra, Donald Howes,
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Matt Patterson, Scott Roberts, Steve Strassmann, Mike Williams,
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warchild at redho dot com, Sami Kuisma, Carlos Rocha, Bob Hutchison,
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Joren Mc, Michal Migurski, John Kleven, Tim Heaney, Tripp Lilley, Ed
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Summers, Dennis Sutch, Chris Smith, Aaron Sweep^W Swartz, Stuart
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Turner, Greg Edwards, Kevin J Kalupson, Nikos Kouremenos, Artur de
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Sousa Rocha, Yichun Wei, Per Vognsen
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Beautiful Soup is made available under the MIT license:
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Copyright (c) 2004-2015 Leonard Richardson
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
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a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
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"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
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without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
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distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
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permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
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the following conditions:
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The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
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included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
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EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
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MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
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NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
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BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
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ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
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CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
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SOFTWARE.
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Beautiful Soup incorporates code from the html5lib library, which is
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also made available under the MIT license. Copyright (c) 2006-2013
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James Graham and other contributors
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File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
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= Introduction =
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>>> from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
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>>> soup = BeautifulSoup("<p>Some<b>bad<i>HTML")
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>>> print soup.prettify()
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<html>
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<body>
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<p>
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Some
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<b>
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bad
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<i>
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HTML
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</i>
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</b>
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</p>
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</body>
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</html>
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>>> soup.find(text="bad")
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u'bad'
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>>> soup.i
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<i>HTML</i>
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>>> soup = BeautifulSoup("<tag1>Some<tag2/>bad<tag3>XML", "xml")
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>>> print soup.prettify()
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8">
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<tag1>
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Some
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<tag2 />
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bad
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<tag3>
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XML
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</tag3>
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</tag1>
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= Full documentation =
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The bs4/doc/ directory contains full documentation in Sphinx
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format. Run "make html" in that directory to create HTML
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documentation.
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= Running the unit tests =
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Beautiful Soup supports unit test discovery from the project root directory:
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$ nosetests
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$ python -m unittest discover -s bs4 # Python 2.7 and up
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If you checked out the source tree, you should see a script in the
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home directory called test-all-versions. This script will run the unit
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tests under Python 2.7, then create a temporary Python 3 conversion of
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the source and run the unit tests again under Python 3.
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= Links =
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Homepage: http://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/
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Documentation: http://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/doc/
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http://readthedocs.org/docs/beautiful-soup-4/
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Discussion group: http://groups.google.com/group/beautifulsoup/
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Development: https://code.launchpad.net/beautifulsoup/
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Bug tracker: https://bugs.launchpad.net/beautifulsoup/
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Additions
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---------
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More of the jQuery API: nextUntil?
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Optimizations
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-------------
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The html5lib tree builder doesn't use the standard tree-building API,
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which worries me and has resulted in a number of bugs.
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markup_attr_map can be optimized since it's always a map now.
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Upon encountering UTF-16LE data or some other uncommon serialization
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of Unicode, UnicodeDammit will convert the data to Unicode, then
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encode it at UTF-8. This is wasteful because it will just get decoded
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back to Unicode.
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CDATA
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-----
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The elementtree XMLParser has a strip_cdata argument that, when set to
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False, should allow Beautiful Soup to preserve CDATA sections instead
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of treating them as text. Except it doesn't. (This argument is also
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present for HTMLParser, and also does nothing there.)
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Currently, htm5lib converts CDATA sections into comments. An
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as-yet-unreleased version of html5lib changes the parser's handling of
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CDATA sections to allow CDATA sections in tags like <svg> and
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<math>. The HTML5TreeBuilder will need to be updated to create CData
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objects instead of Comment objects in this situation.
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from __future__ import absolute_import
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from bs4.dammit import EntitySubstitution
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class Formatter(EntitySubstitution):
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"""Describes a strategy to use when outputting a parse tree to a string.
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Some parts of this strategy come from the distinction between
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HTML4, HTML5, and XML. Others are configurable by the user.
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"""
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# Registries of XML and HTML formatters.
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XML_FORMATTERS = {}
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HTML_FORMATTERS = {}
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HTML = 'html'
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XML = 'xml'
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HTML_DEFAULTS = dict(
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cdata_containing_tags=set(["script", "style"]),
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)
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def _default(self, language, value, kwarg):
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if value is not None:
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return value
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if language == self.XML:
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return set()
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return self.HTML_DEFAULTS[kwarg]
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def __init__(
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self, language=None, entity_substitution=None,
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void_element_close_prefix='/', cdata_containing_tags=None,
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):
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"""
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:param void_element_close_prefix: By default, represent void
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elements as <tag/> rather than <tag>
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"""
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self.language = language
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self.entity_substitution = entity_substitution
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self.void_element_close_prefix = void_element_close_prefix
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self.cdata_containing_tags = self._default(
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language, cdata_containing_tags, 'cdata_containing_tags'
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)
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def substitute(self, ns):
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"""Process a string that needs to undergo entity substitution."""
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if not self.entity_substitution:
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return ns
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from .element import NavigableString
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if (isinstance(ns, NavigableString)
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and ns.parent is not None
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and ns.parent.name in self.cdata_containing_tags):
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# Do nothing.
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return ns
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# Substitute.
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return self.entity_substitution(ns)
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def attribute_value(self, value):
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"""Process the value of an attribute."""
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return self.substitute(value)
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def attributes(self, tag):
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"""Reorder a tag's attributes however you want."""
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return sorted(tag.attrs.items())
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class HTMLFormatter(Formatter):
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REGISTRY = {}
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def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
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return super(HTMLFormatter, self).__init__(self.HTML, *args, **kwargs)
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class XMLFormatter(Formatter):
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REGISTRY = {}
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def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
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return super(XMLFormatter, self).__init__(self.XML, *args, **kwargs)
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# Set up aliases for the default formatters.
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HTMLFormatter.REGISTRY['html'] = HTMLFormatter(
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entity_substitution=EntitySubstitution.substitute_html
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)
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HTMLFormatter.REGISTRY["html5"] = HTMLFormatter(
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entity_substitution=EntitySubstitution.substitute_html,
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void_element_close_prefix = None
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)
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HTMLFormatter.REGISTRY["minimal"] = HTMLFormatter(
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entity_substitution=EntitySubstitution.substitute_xml
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)
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HTMLFormatter.REGISTRY[None] = HTMLFormatter(
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entity_substitution=None
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)
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XMLFormatter.REGISTRY["html"] = XMLFormatter(
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entity_substitution=EntitySubstitution.substitute_html
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)
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XMLFormatter.REGISTRY["minimal"] = XMLFormatter(
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entity_substitution=EntitySubstitution.substitute_xml
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)
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XMLFormatter.REGISTRY[None] = Formatter(
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Formatter(Formatter.XML, entity_substitution=None)
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)
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