diff --git a/borg/helpers.py b/borg/helpers.py
index 6f933d7ab..e5f9fbd77 100644
--- a/borg/helpers.py
+++ b/borg/helpers.py
@@ -1086,6 +1086,11 @@ class Location:
         name = re.sub('[^\w]', '_', self.path).strip('_')
         if self.proto != 'file':
             name = re.sub('[^\w]', '_', self.host) + '__' + name
+        if len(name) > 100:
+            # Limit file names to some reasonable length. Most file systems
+            # limit them to 255 [unit of choice]; due to variations in unicode
+            # handling we truncate to 100 *characters*.
+            name = name[:100]
         return os.path.join(get_keys_dir(), name)
 
     def __repr__(self):
diff --git a/borg/testsuite/helpers.py b/borg/testsuite/helpers.py
index 104eb74e5..b63ff6f3e 100644
--- a/borg/testsuite/helpers.py
+++ b/borg/testsuite/helpers.py
@@ -125,6 +125,10 @@ class TestLocationWithoutEnv:
             "Location(proto='file', user=None, host=None, port=None, path='path', archive=None)"
         assert Location('path').to_key_filename() == keys_dir + 'path'
 
+    def test_long_path(self, monkeypatch, keys_dir):
+        monkeypatch.delenv('BORG_REPO', raising=False)
+        assert Location(os.path.join(*(40 * ['path']))).to_key_filename() == keys_dir + '_'.join(20 * ['path']) + '_'
+
     def test_abspath(self, monkeypatch, keys_dir):
         monkeypatch.delenv('BORG_REPO', raising=False)
         assert repr(Location('/some/absolute/path::archive')) == \