diff --git a/src/borg/archiver.py b/src/borg/archiver.py
index 9dd8bfbfc..d67b49fc3 100644
--- a/src/borg/archiver.py
+++ b/src/borg/archiver.py
@@ -286,6 +286,13 @@ def do_init(self, args, repository):
                 '\n'
                 'See https://borgbackup.readthedocs.io/en/stable/changes.html#pre-1-0-9-manifest-spoofing-vulnerability '
                 'for details about the security implications.', shlex.quote(path))
+
+        if key.NAME != 'plaintext':
+            logger.warning(
+                '\n'
+                'IMPORTANT: you will need both KEY AND PASSPHRASE to access this repo!\n'
+                'Use "borg key export" to export the key, optionally in printable format.\n'
+                'Write down the passphrase. Store both at safe place(s).\n')
         return self.exit_code
 
     @with_repository(exclusive=True, manifest=False)