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173 lines
No EOL
13 KiB
PHP
173 lines
No EOL
13 KiB
PHP
.. IMPORTANT: this file is auto-generated from borg's built-in help, do not edit!
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.. _borg_init:
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borg init
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---------
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.. code-block:: none
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borg [common options] init [options] [REPOSITORY]
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.. only:: html
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.. class:: borg-options-table
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+-------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| **positional arguments** |
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+-------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | ``REPOSITORY`` | repository to create |
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+-------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| **optional arguments** |
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+-------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | ``-e MODE``, ``--encryption MODE`` | select encryption key mode **(required)** |
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+-------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | ``--append-only`` | create an append-only mode repository. Note that this only affects the low level structure of the repository, and running `delete` or `prune` will still be allowed. See :ref:`append_only_mode` in Additional Notes for more details. |
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+-------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | ``--storage-quota QUOTA`` | Set storage quota of the new repository (e.g. 5G, 1.5T). Default: no quota. |
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+-------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| | ``--make-parent-dirs`` | create the parent directories of the repository directory, if they are missing. |
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+-------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| .. class:: borg-common-opt-ref |
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| :ref:`common_options` |
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+-------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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.. raw:: html
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<script type='text/javascript'>
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$(document).ready(function () {
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$('.borg-options-table colgroup').remove();
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})
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</script>
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.. only:: latex
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REPOSITORY
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repository to create
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optional arguments
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-e MODE, --encryption MODE select encryption key mode **(required)**
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--append-only create an append-only mode repository. Note that this only affects the low level structure of the repository, and running `delete` or `prune` will still be allowed. See :ref:`append_only_mode` in Additional Notes for more details.
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--storage-quota QUOTA Set storage quota of the new repository (e.g. 5G, 1.5T). Default: no quota.
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--make-parent-dirs create the parent directories of the repository directory, if they are missing.
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:ref:`common_options`
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Description
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~~~~~~~~~~~
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This command initializes an empty repository. A repository is a filesystem
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directory containing the deduplicated data from zero or more archives.
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Encryption can be enabled at repository init time. It cannot be changed later.
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It is not recommended to work without encryption. Repository encryption protects
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you e.g. against the case that an attacker has access to your backup repository.
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Borg relies on randomly generated key material and uses that for chunking, id
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generation, encryption and authentication. The key material is encrypted using
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the passphrase you give before it is stored on-disk.
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You need to be careful with the key / the passphrase:
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If you want "passphrase-only" security, use one of the repokey modes. The
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key will be stored inside the repository (in its "config" file). In above
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mentioned attack scenario, the attacker will have the key (but not the
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passphrase).
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If you want "passphrase and having-the-key" security, use one of the keyfile
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modes. The key will be stored in your home directory (in .config/borg/keys).
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In the attack scenario, the attacker who has just access to your repo won't
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have the key (and also not the passphrase).
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Make a backup copy of the key file (keyfile mode) or repo config file
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(repokey mode) and keep it at a safe place, so you still have the key in
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case it gets corrupted or lost. Also keep the passphrase at a safe place.
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The backup that is encrypted with that key won't help you with that, of course.
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Make sure you use a good passphrase. Not too short, not too simple. The real
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encryption / decryption key is encrypted with / locked by your passphrase.
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If an attacker gets your key, he can't unlock and use it without knowing the
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passphrase.
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Be careful with special or non-ascii characters in your passphrase:
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- Borg processes the passphrase as unicode (and encodes it as utf-8),
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so it does not have problems dealing with even the strangest characters.
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- BUT: that does not necessarily apply to your OS / VM / keyboard configuration.
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So better use a long passphrase made from simple ascii chars than one that
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includes non-ascii stuff or characters that are hard/impossible to enter on
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a different keyboard layout.
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You can change your passphrase for existing repos at any time, it won't affect
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the encryption/decryption key or other secrets.
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Encryption modes
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++++++++++++++++
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You can choose from the encryption modes seen in the table below on a per-repo
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basis. The mode determines encryption algorithm, hash/MAC algorithm and also the
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key storage location.
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Example: `borg init --encryption repokey ...`
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.. nanorst: inline-fill
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+----------+---------------+------------------------+--------------------------+
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| Hash/MAC | Not encrypted | Not encrypted, | Encrypted (AEAD w/ AES) |
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| | no auth | but authenticated | and authenticated |
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+----------+---------------+------------------------+--------------------------+
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| SHA-256 | none | `authenticated` | repokey |
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| | | | keyfile |
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+----------+---------------+------------------------+--------------------------+
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| BLAKE2b | n/a | `authenticated-blake2` | `repokey-blake2` |
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| | | | `keyfile-blake2` |
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+----------+---------------+------------------------+--------------------------+
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.. nanorst: inline-replace
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Modes `marked like this` in the above table are new in Borg 1.1 and are not
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backwards-compatible with Borg 1.0.x.
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On modern Intel/AMD CPUs (except very cheap ones), AES is usually
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hardware-accelerated.
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BLAKE2b is faster than SHA256 on Intel/AMD 64-bit CPUs
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(except AMD Ryzen and future CPUs with SHA extensions),
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which makes `authenticated-blake2` faster than `none` and `authenticated`.
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On modern ARM CPUs, NEON provides hardware acceleration for SHA256 making it faster
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than BLAKE2b-256 there. NEON accelerates AES as well.
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Hardware acceleration is always used automatically when available.
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`repokey` and `keyfile` use AES-CTR-256 for encryption and HMAC-SHA256 for
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authentication in an encrypt-then-MAC (EtM) construction. The chunk ID hash
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is HMAC-SHA256 as well (with a separate key).
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These modes are compatible with Borg 1.0.x.
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`repokey-blake2` and `keyfile-blake2` are also authenticated encryption modes,
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but use BLAKE2b-256 instead of HMAC-SHA256 for authentication. The chunk ID
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hash is a keyed BLAKE2b-256 hash.
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These modes are new and *not* compatible with Borg 1.0.x.
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`authenticated` mode uses no encryption, but authenticates repository contents
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through the same HMAC-SHA256 hash as the `repokey` and `keyfile` modes (it uses it
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as the chunk ID hash). The key is stored like `repokey`.
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This mode is new and *not* compatible with Borg 1.0.x.
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`authenticated-blake2` is like `authenticated`, but uses the keyed BLAKE2b-256 hash
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from the other blake2 modes.
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This mode is new and *not* compatible with Borg 1.0.x.
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`none` mode uses no encryption and no authentication. It uses SHA256 as chunk
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ID hash. This mode is not recommended, you should rather consider using an authenticated
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or authenticated/encrypted mode. This mode has possible denial-of-service issues
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when running ``borg create`` on contents controlled by an attacker.
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Use it only for new repositories where no encryption is wanted **and** when compatibility
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with 1.0.x is important. If compatibility with 1.0.x is not important, use
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`authenticated-blake2` or `authenticated` instead.
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This mode is compatible with Borg 1.0.x. |