mirror of
https://github.com/borgbackup/borg.git
synced 2024-12-26 09:47:58 +00:00
92 lines
3.8 KiB
PHP
92 lines
3.8 KiB
PHP
.. _borg_patterns:
|
|
|
|
borg help patterns
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
|
::
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exclusion patterns support four separate styles, fnmatch, shell, regular
|
|
expressions and path prefixes. If followed by a colon (':') the first two
|
|
characters of a pattern are used as a style selector. Explicit style
|
|
selection is necessary when a non-default style is desired or when the
|
|
desired pattern starts with two alphanumeric characters followed by a colon
|
|
(i.e. `aa:something/*`).
|
|
|
|
`Fnmatch <https://docs.python.org/3/library/fnmatch.html>`_, selector `fm:`
|
|
|
|
These patterns use a variant of shell pattern syntax, with '*' matching
|
|
any number of characters, '?' matching any single character, '[...]'
|
|
matching any single character specified, including ranges, and '[!...]'
|
|
matching any character not specified. For the purpose of these patterns,
|
|
the path separator ('\' for Windows and '/' on other systems) is not
|
|
treated specially. Wrap meta-characters in brackets for a literal match
|
|
(i.e. `[?]` to match the literal character `?`). For a path to match
|
|
a pattern, it must completely match from start to end, or must match from
|
|
the start to just before a path separator. Except for the root path,
|
|
paths will never end in the path separator when matching is attempted.
|
|
Thus, if a given pattern ends in a path separator, a '*' is appended
|
|
before matching is attempted.
|
|
|
|
Shell-style patterns, selector `sh:`
|
|
|
|
Like fnmatch patterns these are similar to shell patterns. The difference
|
|
is that the pattern may include `**/` for matching zero or more directory
|
|
levels, `*` for matching zero or more arbitrary characters with the
|
|
exception of any path separator.
|
|
|
|
Regular expressions, selector `re:`
|
|
|
|
Regular expressions similar to those found in Perl are supported. Unlike
|
|
shell patterns regular expressions are not required to match the complete
|
|
path and any substring match is sufficient. It is strongly recommended to
|
|
anchor patterns to the start ('^'), to the end ('$') or both. Path
|
|
separators ('\' for Windows and '/' on other systems) in paths are
|
|
always normalized to a forward slash ('/') before applying a pattern. The
|
|
regular expression syntax is described in the `Python documentation for
|
|
the re module <https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html>`_.
|
|
|
|
Prefix path, selector `pp:`
|
|
|
|
This pattern style is useful to match whole sub-directories. The pattern
|
|
`pp:/data/bar` matches `/data/bar` and everything therein.
|
|
|
|
Exclusions can be passed via the command line option `--exclude`. When used
|
|
from within a shell the patterns should be quoted to protect them from
|
|
expansion.
|
|
|
|
The `--exclude-from` option permits loading exclusion patterns from a text
|
|
file with one pattern per line. Lines empty or starting with the number sign
|
|
('#') after removing whitespace on both ends are ignored. The optional style
|
|
selector prefix is also supported for patterns loaded from a file. Due to
|
|
whitespace removal paths with whitespace at the beginning or end can only be
|
|
excluded using regular expressions.
|
|
|
|
Examples:
|
|
|
|
# Exclude '/home/user/file.o' but not '/home/user/file.odt':
|
|
$ borg create -e '*.o' backup /
|
|
|
|
# Exclude '/home/user/junk' and '/home/user/subdir/junk' but
|
|
# not '/home/user/importantjunk' or '/etc/junk':
|
|
$ borg create -e '/home/*/junk' backup /
|
|
|
|
# Exclude the contents of '/home/user/cache' but not the directory itself:
|
|
$ borg create -e /home/user/cache/ backup /
|
|
|
|
# The file '/home/user/cache/important' is *not* backed up:
|
|
$ borg create -e /home/user/cache/ backup / /home/user/cache/important
|
|
|
|
# The contents of directories in '/home' are not backed up when their name
|
|
# ends in '.tmp'
|
|
$ borg create --exclude 're:^/home/[^/]+\.tmp/' backup /
|
|
|
|
# Load exclusions from file
|
|
$ cat >exclude.txt <<EOF
|
|
# Comment line
|
|
/home/*/junk
|
|
*.tmp
|
|
fm:aa:something/*
|
|
re:^/home/[^/]\.tmp/
|
|
sh:/home/*/.thumbnails
|
|
EOF
|
|
$ borg create --exclude-from exclude.txt backup /
|