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f330b4bd2a
faq about redundancy / integrity compression is optional having borg installed on backup server is optional (but faster) cygwin installation tipps do not document passphrase encryption mode example, use keyfile mode
239 lines
7.3 KiB
ReStructuredText
239 lines
7.3 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. include:: global.rst.inc
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.. _detailed_usage:
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Usage
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=====
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|project_name| consists of a number of commands. Each command accepts
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a number of arguments and options. The following sections will describe each
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command in detail.
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Quiet by default
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----------------
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Like most UNIX commands |project_name| is quiet by default but the ``-v`` or
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``--verbose`` option can be used to get the program to output more status
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messages as it is processing.
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Return codes
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------------
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|project_name| can exit with the following return codes (rc):
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::
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0 no error, normal termination
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1 some error occurred (this can be a complete or a partial failure)
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128+N killed by signal N (e.g. 137 == kill -9)
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Note: we are aware that more distinct return codes might be useful, but it is
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not clear yet which return codes should be used for which precise conditions.
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See issue #61 for a discussion about that. Depending on the outcome of the
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discussion there, return codes may change in future (the only thing rather sure
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is that 0 will always mean some sort of success and "not 0" will always mean
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some sort of warning / error / failure - but the definition of success might
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change).
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Environment Variables
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---------------------
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|project_name| uses some environment variables for automation:
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::
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Specifying a passphrase:
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BORG_PASSPHRASE : When set, use the value to answer the passphrase question for encrypted repositories.
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Some "yes" sayers (if set, they automatically confirm that you really want to do X even if there is that warning):
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BORG_UNKNOWN_UNENCRYPTED_REPO_ACCESS_IS_OK : For "Warning: Attempting to access a previously unknown unencrypted repository"
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BORG_RELOCATED_REPO_ACCESS_IS_OK : For "Warning: The repository at location ... was previously located at ..."
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BORG_CHECK_I_KNOW_WHAT_I_AM_DOING : For "Warning: 'check --repair' is an experimental feature that might result in data loss."
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Directories:
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BORG_KEYS_DIR : Default to '~/.borg/keys'. This directory contains keys for encrypted repositories.
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BORG_CACHE_DIR : Default to '~/.cache/borg'. This directory contains the local cache.
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Building:
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BORG_OPENSSL_PREFIX : Adds given OpenSSL header file directory to the default locations (setup.py).
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Please note:
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- be very careful when using the "yes" sayers, the warnings with prompt exist for your / your data's security/safety
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- also be very careful when putting your passphrase into a script, make sure it has appropriate file permissions
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(e.g. mode 600, root:root).
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.. include:: usage/init.rst.inc
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Examples
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~~~~~~~~
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::
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# Local repository
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$ borg init /mnt/backup
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# Remote repository (accesses a remote borg via ssh)
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$ borg init user@hostname:backup
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# Encrypted remote repository, using a local key file
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$ borg init --encryption=keyfile user@hostname:backup
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.. include:: usage/create.rst.inc
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Examples
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~~~~~~~~
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::
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# Backup ~/Documents into an archive named "my-documents"
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$ borg create /mnt/backup::my-documents ~/Documents
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# Backup ~/Documents and ~/src but exclude pyc files
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$ borg create /mnt/backup::my-files \
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~/Documents \
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~/src \
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--exclude '*.pyc'
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# Backup the root filesystem into an archive named "root-YYYY-MM-DD"
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NAME="root-`date +%Y-%m-%d`"
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$ borg create /mnt/backup::$NAME / --do-not-cross-mountpoints
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# Backup huge files with little chunk management overhead
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$ borg create --chunker-params 19,23,21,4095 /mnt/backup::VMs /srv/VMs
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.. include:: usage/extract.rst.inc
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Examples
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~~~~~~~~
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::
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# Extract entire archive
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$ borg extract /mnt/backup::my-files
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# Extract entire archive and list files while processing
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$ borg extract -v /mnt/backup::my-files
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# Extract the "src" directory
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$ borg extract /mnt/backup::my-files home/USERNAME/src
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# Extract the "src" directory but exclude object files
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$ borg extract /mnt/backup::my-files home/USERNAME/src --exclude '*.o'
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Note: currently, extract always writes into the current working directory ("."),
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so make sure you ``cd`` to the right place before calling ``borg extract``.
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.. include:: usage/check.rst.inc
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.. include:: usage/delete.rst.inc
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.. include:: usage/list.rst.inc
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Examples
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~~~~~~~~
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::
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$ borg list /mnt/backup
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my-files Thu Aug 1 23:33:22 2013
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my-documents Thu Aug 1 23:35:43 2013
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root-2013-08-01 Thu Aug 1 23:43:55 2013
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root-2013-08-02 Fri Aug 2 15:18:17 2013
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...
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$ borg list /mnt/backup::root-2013-08-02
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drwxr-xr-x root root 0 Jun 05 12:06 .
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lrwxrwxrwx root root 0 May 31 20:40 bin -> usr/bin
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drwxr-xr-x root root 0 Aug 01 22:08 etc
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drwxr-xr-x root root 0 Jul 15 22:07 etc/ImageMagick-6
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-rw-r--r-- root root 1383 May 22 22:25 etc/ImageMagick-6/colors.xml
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...
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.. include:: usage/prune.rst.inc
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Examples
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~~~~~~~~
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::
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# Keep 7 end of day and 4 additional end of week archives:
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$ borg prune /mnt/backup --keep-daily=7 --keep-weekly=4
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# Same as above but only apply to archive names starting with "foo":
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$ borg prune /mnt/backup --keep-daily=7 --keep-weekly=4 --prefix=foo
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# Keep 7 end of day, 4 additional end of week archives,
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# and an end of month archive for every month:
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$ borg prune /mnt/backup --keep-daily=7 --keep-weekly=4 --keep-monthly=-1
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# Keep all backups in the last 10 days, 4 additional end of week archives,
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# and an end of month archive for every month:
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$ borg prune /mnt/backup --keep-within=10d --keep-weekly=4 --keep-monthly=-1
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.. include:: usage/info.rst.inc
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Examples
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~~~~~~~~
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::
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$ borg info /mnt/backup::root-2013-08-02
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Name: root-2013-08-02
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Fingerprint: bc3902e2c79b6d25f5d769b335c5c49331e6537f324d8d3badcb9a0917536dbb
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Hostname: myhostname
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Username: root
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Time: Fri Aug 2 15:18:17 2013
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Command line: /usr/bin/borg create --stats /mnt/backup::root-2013-08-02 / --do-not-cross-mountpoints
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Number of files: 147429
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Original size: 5344169493 (4.98 GB)
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Compressed size: 1748189642 (1.63 GB)
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Unique data: 64805454 (61.80 MB)
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.. include:: usage/mount.rst.inc
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Examples
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~~~~~~~~
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::
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$ borg mount /mnt/backup::root-2013-08-02 /tmp/mymountpoint
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$ ls /tmp/mymountpoint
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bin boot etc lib lib64 mnt opt root sbin srv usr var
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$ fusermount -u /tmp/mymountpoint
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.. include:: usage/change-passphrase.rst.inc
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Examples
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~~~~~~~~
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::
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# Create a key file protected repository
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$ borg init --encryption=keyfile /mnt/backup
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Initializing repository at "/mnt/backup"
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Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
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Enter same passphrase again:
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Key file "/home/USER/.borg/keys/mnt_backup" created.
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Keep this file safe. Your data will be inaccessible without it.
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# Change key file passphrase
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$ borg change-passphrase /mnt/backup
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Enter passphrase for key file /home/USER/.borg/keys/mnt_backup:
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New passphrase:
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Enter same passphrase again:
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Key file "/home/USER/.borg/keys/mnt_backup" updated
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.. include:: usage/serve.rst.inc
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Examples
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~~~~~~~~
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::
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# Allow an SSH keypair to only run |project_name|, and only have access to /mnt/backup.
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# This will help to secure an automated remote backup system.
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$ cat ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
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command="borg serve --restrict-to-path /mnt/backup" ssh-rsa AAAAB3[...]
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