mirror of
https://github.com/restic/restic.git
synced 2024-12-25 17:27:25 +00:00
171 lines
6.3 KiB
ReStructuredText
171 lines
6.3 KiB
ReStructuredText
..
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Normally, there are no heading levels assigned to certain characters as the structure is
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determined from the succession of headings. However, this convention is used in Python’s
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Style Guide for documenting which you may follow:
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# with overline, for parts
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* for chapters
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= for sections
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- for subsections
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^ for subsubsections
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" for paragraphs
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#########################
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Working with repositories
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#########################
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Listing all snapshots
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=====================
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Now, you can list all the snapshots stored in the repository:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo snapshots
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enter password for repository:
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ID Date Host Tags Directory
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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40dc1520 2015-05-08 21:38:30 kasimir /home/user/work
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79766175 2015-05-08 21:40:19 kasimir /home/user/work
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bdbd3439 2015-05-08 21:45:17 luigi /home/art
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590c8fc8 2015-05-08 21:47:38 kazik /srv
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9f0bc19e 2015-05-08 21:46:11 luigi /srv
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You can filter the listing by directory path:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo snapshots --path="/srv"
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enter password for repository:
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ID Date Host Tags Directory
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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590c8fc8 2015-05-08 21:47:38 kazik /srv
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9f0bc19e 2015-05-08 21:46:11 luigi /srv
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Or filter by host:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo snapshots --host luigi
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enter password for repository:
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ID Date Host Tags Directory
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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bdbd3439 2015-05-08 21:45:17 luigi /home/art
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9f0bc19e 2015-05-08 21:46:11 luigi /srv
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Combining filters is also possible.
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Furthermore you can group the output by the same filters (host, paths, tags):
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.. code-block:: console
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$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo snapshots --group-by host
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enter password for repository:
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snapshots for (host [kasimir])
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ID Date Host Tags Directory
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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40dc1520 2015-05-08 21:38:30 kasimir /home/user/work
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79766175 2015-05-08 21:40:19 kasimir /home/user/work
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2 snapshots
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snapshots for (host [luigi])
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ID Date Host Tags Directory
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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bdbd3439 2015-05-08 21:45:17 luigi /home/art
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9f0bc19e 2015-05-08 21:46:11 luigi /srv
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2 snapshots
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snapshots for (host [kazik])
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ID Date Host Tags Directory
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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590c8fc8 2015-05-08 21:47:38 kazik /srv
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1 snapshots
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Checking integrity and consistency
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==================================
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Imagine your repository is saved on a server that has a faulty hard
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drive, or even worse, attackers get privileged access and modify the
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files in your repository with the intention to make you restore
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malicious data:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ echo "boom" > /srv/restic-repo/index/de30f3231ca2e6a59af4aa84216dfe2ef7339c549dc11b09b84000997b139628
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Trying to restore a snapshot which has been modified as shown above
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will yield an error:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo --no-cache restore c23e491f --target /tmp/restore-work
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...
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Fatal: unable to load index de30f323: load <index/de30f3231c>: invalid data returned
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In order to detect these things before they become a problem, it's a
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good idea to regularly use the ``check`` command to test whether your
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repository is healthy and consistent, and that your precious backup
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data is unharmed. There are two types of checks that can be performed:
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- Structural consistency and integrity, e.g. snapshots, trees and pack files (default)
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- Integrity of the actual data that you backed up (enabled with flags, see below)
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To verify the structure of the repository, issue the ``check`` command.
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If the repository is damaged like in the example above, ``check`` will
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detect this and yield the same error as when you tried to restore:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo check
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...
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load indexes
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error: error loading index de30f323: load <index/de30f3231c>: invalid data returned
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Fatal: LoadIndex returned errors
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If the repository structure is intact, restic will show that no errors were found:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ restic -r /src/restic-repo check
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...
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load indexes
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check all packs
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check snapshots, trees and blobs
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no errors were found
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By default, the ``check`` command does not verify that the actual data files
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on disk in the repository are unmodified, because doing so requires reading
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a copy of every data file in the repository. To tell restic to also verify the
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integrity of the data files in the repository, use the ``--read-data`` flag:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo check --read-data
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...
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load indexes
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check all packs
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check snapshots, trees and blobs
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read all data
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[0:00] 100.00% 3 / 3 items
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duration: 0:00
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no errors were found
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.. note:: Since ``--read-data`` has to download all data files in the
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repository, beware that it might incur higher bandwidth costs than usual
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and also that it takes more time than the default ``check``.
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Alternatively, use the ``--read-data-subset=n/t`` parameter to check only a
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subset of the repository data files at a time. The parameter takes two values,
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``n`` and ``t``. When the check command runs, all data files in the repository
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are logically divided in ``t`` (roughly equal) groups, and only files that
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belong to group number ``n`` are checked. For example, the following commands
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check all repository data files over 5 separate invocations:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo check --read-data-subset=1/5
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$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo check --read-data-subset=2/5
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$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo check --read-data-subset=3/5
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$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo check --read-data-subset=4/5
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$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo check --read-data-subset=5/5
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