transmission/libtransmission/utils.h

/*
 * This file Copyright (C) 2009-2010 Mnemosyne LLC
 *
 * This file is licensed by the GPL version 2.  Works owned by the
 * Transmission project are granted a special exemption to clause 2(b)
 * so that the bulk of its code can remain under the MIT license.
 * This exemption does not extend to derived works not owned by
 * the Transmission project.
 *
 * $Id$
 */

#ifndef TR_UTILS_H
#define TR_UTILS_H 1

#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stddef.h> /* size_t */
#include <stdio.h> /* FILE* */
#include <string.h> /* memcpy()* */
#include <stdlib.h> /* malloc() */
#include <time.h> /* time_t */

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

/***
****
***/

/**
 * @addtogroup utils Utilities
 * @{
 */

#ifndef FALSE
 #define FALSE 0
#endif

#ifndef TRUE
 #define TRUE 1
#endif

#ifndef UNUSED
 #ifdef __GNUC__
  #define UNUSED __attribute__ ( ( unused ) )
 #else
  #define UNUSED
 #endif
#endif

#ifndef TR_GNUC_PRINTF
 #ifdef __GNUC__
  #define TR_GNUC_PRINTF( fmt, args ) __attribute__ ( ( format ( printf, fmt, args ) ) )
 #else
  #define TR_GNUC_PRINTF( fmt, args )
 #endif
#endif

#ifndef TR_GNUC_NONNULL
 #ifdef __GNUC__
  #define TR_GNUC_NONNULL( ... ) __attribute__((nonnull (__VA_ARGS__)))
 #else
  #define TR_GNUC_NONNULL( ... )
 #endif
#endif

#ifndef TR_GNUC_NULL_TERMINATED
 #if __GNUC__ > 4 || ( __GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 3 )
  #define TR_GNUC_NULL_TERMINATED __attribute__ ( ( __sentinel__ ) )
  #define TR_GNUC_HOT __attribute ( ( hot ) )
 #else
  #define TR_GNUC_NULL_TERMINATED
  #define TR_GNUC_HOT
 #endif
#endif

#if __GNUC__ > 2 || ( __GNUC__ == 2 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 96 )
 #define TR_GNUC_PURE __attribute__ ( ( __pure__ ) )
 #define TR_GNUC_MALLOC __attribute__ ( ( __malloc__ ) )
#else
 #define TR_GNUC_PURE
 #define TR_GNUC_MALLOC
#endif


/***
****
***/

#if !defined( _ )
 #if defined( HAVE_LIBINTL_H ) && !defined( SYS_DARWIN )
  #include <libintl.h>
  #define _( a ) gettext ( a )
 #else
  #define _( a ) ( a )
 #endif
#endif

/* #define DISABLE_GETTEXT */
#ifndef DISABLE_GETTEXT
 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(TR_EMBEDDED)
   #define DISABLE_GETTEXT
 #endif
#endif
#ifdef DISABLE_GETTEXT
 const char * tr_strip_positional_args( const char * fmt );
 #undef _
 #define _( a ) tr_strip_positional_args( a )
#endif

/****
*****
****/

void tr_msgInit( void );

#define TR_MAX_MSG_LOG 10000

extern int messageLevel;

static inline tr_bool tr_msgLoggingIsActive( int level )
{
    return messageLevel >= level;
}

void tr_msg( const char * file, int line,
             int level,
             const char * torrent,
             const char * fmt, ... ) TR_GNUC_PRINTF( 5, 6 );

#define tr_nerr( n, ... ) \
    do { \
        if( tr_msgLoggingIsActive( TR_MSG_ERR ) ) \
            tr_msg( __FILE__, __LINE__, TR_MSG_ERR, n, __VA_ARGS__ ); \
    } while( 0 )

#define tr_ninf( n, ... ) \
    do { \
        if( tr_msgLoggingIsActive( TR_MSG_INF) ) \
            tr_msg( __FILE__, __LINE__, TR_MSG_INF, n, __VA_ARGS__ ); \
    } while( 0 )

#define tr_ndbg( n, ... ) \
    do { \
        if( tr_msgLoggingIsActive( TR_MSG_DBG) ) \
            tr_msg( __FILE__, __LINE__, TR_MSG_DBG, n, __VA_ARGS__ ); \
    } while( 0 )

#define tr_torerr( tor, ... ) \
    do { \
        if( tr_msgLoggingIsActive( TR_MSG_ERR ) ) \
            tr_msg( __FILE__, __LINE__, TR_MSG_ERR, tor->info.name, __VA_ARGS__ ); \
    } while( 0 )

#define tr_torinf( tor, ... ) \
    do { \
        if( tr_msgLoggingIsActive( TR_MSG_INF ) ) \
            tr_msg( __FILE__, __LINE__, TR_MSG_INF, tor->info.name, __VA_ARGS__ ); \
    } while( 0 )

#define tr_tordbg( tor, ... ) \
    do { \
        if( tr_msgLoggingIsActive( TR_MSG_DBG ) ) \
            tr_msg( __FILE__, __LINE__, TR_MSG_DBG, tor->info.name, __VA_ARGS__ ); \
    } while( 0 )

#define tr_err( ... ) \
    do { \
        if( tr_msgLoggingIsActive( TR_MSG_ERR ) ) \
            tr_msg( __FILE__, __LINE__, TR_MSG_ERR, NULL, __VA_ARGS__ ); \
    } while( 0 )

#define tr_inf( ... ) \
    do { \
        if( tr_msgLoggingIsActive( TR_MSG_INF ) ) \
            tr_msg( __FILE__, __LINE__, TR_MSG_INF, NULL, __VA_ARGS__ ); \
    } while( 0 )

#define tr_dbg( ... ) \
    do { \
        if( tr_msgLoggingIsActive( TR_MSG_DBG ) ) \
            tr_msg( __FILE__, __LINE__, TR_MSG_DBG, NULL, __VA_ARGS__ ); \
    } while( 0 )



FILE*          tr_getLog( void );

/** @brief return true if deep logging has been enabled by the user; false otherwise */
tr_bool tr_deepLoggingIsActive( void );

void           tr_deepLog( const char * file,
                           int          line,
                           const char * name,
                           const char * fmt,
                           ... ) TR_GNUC_PRINTF( 4, 5 ) TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1,4);

/** @brief set the buffer with the current time formatted for deep logging. */
char* tr_getLogTimeStr( char * buf, int buflen ) TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1);


/**
 * @brief Rich Salz's classic implementation of shell-style pattern matching for ?, \, [], and * characters.
 * @return 1 if the pattern matches, 0 if it doesn't, or -1 if an error occured
 */
int tr_wildmat( const char * text, const char * pattern ) TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1,2);

/** @brief Portability wrapper for basename() that uses the system implementation if available */
char* tr_basename( const char * path ) TR_GNUC_MALLOC;

/** @brief Portability wrapper for dirname() that uses the system implementation if available */
char* tr_dirname( const char * path ) TR_GNUC_MALLOC;

/**
 * @brief Portability wrapper for mkdir()
 *
 * A portability wrapper around mkdir().
 * On WIN32, the `permissions' argument is unused.
 *
 * @return zero on success, or -1 if an error occurred
 * (in which case errno is set appropriately).
 */
int tr_mkdir( const char * path, int permissions ) TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1);

/**
 * Like mkdir, but makes parent directories as needed.
 *
 * @return zero on success, or -1 if an error occurred
 * (in which case errno is set appropriately).
 */
int tr_mkdirp( const char * path, int permissions ) TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1);


/**
 * @brief Loads a file and returns its contents.
 * On failure, NULL is returned and errno is set.
 */
uint8_t* tr_loadFile( const char * filename, size_t * size ) TR_GNUC_MALLOC
                                                             TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1);


/** @brief build a filename from a series of elements using the
           platform's correct directory separator. */
char* tr_buildPath( const char * first_element, ... ) TR_GNUC_NULL_TERMINATED
                                                      TR_GNUC_MALLOC;

struct event;

/**
 * @brief Convenience wrapper around timer_add() to have a timer wake up in a number of seconds and microseconds
 * @param timer
 * @param seconds
 * @param microseconds
 */
void tr_timerAdd( struct event * timer, int seconds, int microseconds ) TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1);

/**
 * @brief Convenience wrapper around timer_add() to have a timer wake up in a number of milliseconds
 * @param timer
 * @param milliseconds
 */
void tr_timerAddMsec( struct event * timer, int milliseconds ) TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1);


/** @brief return the current date in milliseconds */
uint64_t tr_date( void );

/** @brief sleep the specified number of milliseconds */
void tr_wait_msec( uint64_t delay_milliseconds );

/**
 * @brief make a copy of 'str' whose non-utf8 content has been corrected or stripped
 * @return a newly-allocated string that must be freed with tr_free()
 * @param str the string to make a clean copy of
 * @param len the length of the string to copy.  If -1, the entire string is used.
 * @param err if an error occurs and err is non-NULL, it's set to TRUE.
 */
char* tr_utf8clean( const char * str, int len, tr_bool * err ) TR_GNUC_MALLOC;


/***
****
***/

/* Sometimes the system defines MAX/MIN, sometimes not.
   In the latter case, define those here since we will use them */
#ifndef MAX
 #define MAX( a, b ) ( ( a ) > ( b ) ? ( a ) : ( b ) )
#endif
#ifndef MIN
 #define MIN( a, b ) ( ( a ) > ( b ) ? ( b ) : ( a ) )
#endif

/***
****
***/

/** @brief Portability wrapper around malloc() in which `0' is a safe argument */
static inline void* tr_malloc( size_t size )
{
    return size ? malloc( size ) : NULL;
}

/** @brief Portability wrapper around calloc() in which `0' is a safe argument */
static inline void* tr_malloc0( size_t size )
{
    return size ? calloc( 1, size ) : NULL;
}

/** @brief Portability wrapper around free() in which `NULL' is a safe argument */
static inline void tr_free( void * p )
{
    if( p != NULL )
        free( p );
}

/**
 * @brief make a newly-allocated copy of a chunk of memory
 * @param src the memory to copy
 * @param byteCount the number of bytes to copy
 * @return a newly-allocated copy of `src' that can be freed with tr_free()
 */
static inline void* tr_memdup( const void * src, int byteCount )
{
    return memcpy( tr_malloc( byteCount ), src, byteCount );
}

#define tr_new( struct_type, n_structs )           \
    ( (struct_type *) tr_malloc ( ( (size_t) sizeof ( struct_type ) ) * ( ( size_t) ( n_structs ) ) ) )

#define tr_new0( struct_type, n_structs )          \
    ( (struct_type *) tr_malloc0 ( ( (size_t) sizeof ( struct_type ) ) * ( ( size_t) ( n_structs ) ) ) )

#define tr_renew( struct_type, mem, n_structs )    \
    ( (struct_type *) realloc ( ( mem ), ( (size_t) sizeof ( struct_type ) ) * ( ( size_t) ( n_structs ) ) ) )

void* tr_valloc( size_t bufLen );

/**
 * @brief make a newly-allocated copy of a substring
 * @param in is a void* so that callers can pass in both signed & unsigned without a cast
 * @param len length of the substring to copy.  if a length less than zero is passed in, strlen( len ) is used
 * @return a newly-allocated copy of `in' that can be freed with tr_free()
 */
char* tr_strndup( const void * in, int len ) TR_GNUC_MALLOC;

/**
 * @brief make a newly-allocated copy of a string
 * @param in is a void* so that callers can pass in both signed & unsigned without a cast
 * @return a newly-allocated copy of `in' that can be freed with tr_free()
 */
static inline char* tr_strdup( const void * in )
{
    return tr_strndup( in, in ? strlen( (const char *) in ) : 0 );
}

/** @brief similar to bsearch() but returns the index of the lower bound */
int tr_lowerBound( const void * key,
                   const void * base,
                   size_t       nmemb,
                   size_t       size,
                   int       (* compar)(const void* key, const void* arrayMember),
                   tr_bool    * exact_match ) TR_GNUC_HOT TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1,5,6);


/**
 * @brief sprintf() a string into a newly-allocated buffer large enough to hold it
 * @return a newly-allocated string that can be freed with tr_free()
 */
char* tr_strdup_printf( const char * fmt, ... ) TR_GNUC_PRINTF( 1, 2 )
                                                TR_GNUC_MALLOC;

/**
 * @brief Translate a block of bytes into base64
 * @return a newly-allocated string that can be freed with tr_free()
 */
char* tr_base64_encode( const void * input,
                        int          inlen,
                        int        * outlen ) TR_GNUC_MALLOC;

/**
 * @brief Translate a block of bytes from base64 into raw form
 * @return a newly-allocated string that can be freed with tr_free()
 */
char* tr_base64_decode( const void * input,
                        int          inlen,
                        int        * outlen ) TR_GNUC_MALLOC;

/** @brief Portability wrapper for strlcpy() that uses the system implementation if available */
size_t tr_strlcpy( char * dst, const void * src, size_t siz );

/** @brief Portability wrapper for snprintf() that uses the system implementation if available */
int tr_snprintf( char * buf, size_t buflen,
                 const char * fmt, ... ) TR_GNUC_PRINTF( 3, 4 ) TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1,3);

/** @brief Convenience wrapper around strerorr() guaranteed to not return NULL
    @param errno */
const char* tr_strerror( int );

/** @brief strips leading and trailing whitspace from a string
    @return the stripped string */
char* tr_strstrip( char * str );

/** @brief Returns true if the string ends with the specified case-insensitive suffix */
tr_bool tr_str_has_suffix( const char *str, const char *suffix );


/** @brief Portability wrapper for memmem() that uses the system implementation if available */
const char* tr_memmem( const char * haystack, size_t haystack_len,
                       const char * needle, size_t needle_len );

/***
****
***/

typedef void ( tr_set_func )( void * element, void * userData );

/**
 * @brief find the differences and commonalities in two sorted sets
 * @param a the first set
 * @param aCount the number of elements in the set 'a'
 * @param b the second set
 * @param bCount the number of elements in the set 'b'
 * @param compare the sorting method for both sets
 * @param elementSize the sizeof the element in the two sorted sets
 * @param in_a called for items in set 'a' but not set 'b'
 * @param in_b called for items in set 'b' but not set 'a'
 * @param in_both called for items that are in both sets
 * @param userData user data passed along to in_a, in_b, and in_both
 */
void tr_set_compare( const void * a, size_t aCount,
                     const void * b, size_t bCount,
                     int compare( const void * a, const void * b ),
                     size_t elementSize,
                     tr_set_func in_a_cb,
                     tr_set_func in_b_cb,
                     tr_set_func in_both_cb,
                     void * userData );

void tr_sha1_to_hex( char * out, const uint8_t * sha1 ) TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1,2);

void tr_hex_to_sha1( uint8_t * out, const char * hex ) TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1,2);

/** @brief convenience function to determine if an address is an IP address (IPv4 or IPv6) */
tr_bool tr_addressIsIP( const char * address );

/** @brief return TRUE if the url is a http or https url that Transmission understands */
tr_bool tr_urlIsValidTracker( const char * url ) TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1);

/** @brief return TRUE if the url is a [ http, https, ftp, ftps ] url that Transmission understands */
tr_bool tr_urlIsValid( const char * url ) TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1);

/** @brief parse a URL into its component parts
    @return zero on success or an error number if an error occurred */
int  tr_urlParse( const char * url,
                  int          url_len,
                  char      ** setme_scheme,
                  char      ** setme_host,
                  int        * setme_port,
                  char      ** setme_path ) TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1);


/** @brief return TR_RATIO_NA, TR_RATIO_INF, or a number in [0..1]
    @return TR_RATIO_NA, TR_RATIO_INF, or a number in [0..1] */
double tr_getRatio( double numerator, double denominator );

/**
 * @brief Given a string like "1-4" or "1-4,6,9,14-51", this returns a
 *        newly-allocated array of all the integers in the set.
 * @return a newly-allocated array of integers that must be freed with tr_free(),
 *         or NULL if a fragment of the string can't be parsed.
 *
 * For example, "5-8" will return [ 5, 6, 7, 8 ] and setmeCount will be 4.
 */
int* tr_parseNumberRange( const char * str,
                          int str_len,
                          int * setmeCount ) TR_GNUC_MALLOC TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1);


/**
 * @brief truncate a double value at a given number of decimal places.
 *
 * this can be used to prevent a printf() call from rounding up:
 * call with the decimal_places argument equal to the number of
 * decimal places in the printf()'s precision:
 *
 * - printf("%.2f%%",           99.999    ) ==> "100.00%"
 *
 * - printf("%.2f%%", tr_truncd(99.999, 2)) ==>  "99.99%"
 *             ^                        ^
 *             |   These should match   |
 *             +------------------------+
 */
double tr_truncd( double x, int decimal_places );

/* return a percent formatted string of either x.xx, xx.x or xxx */
char* tr_strpercent( char * buf, double x, size_t buflen );

/**
 * @param buf the buffer to write the string to
 * @param buflef buf's size
 * @param ratio the ratio to convert to a string
 * @param the string represntation of "infinity"
 */
char* tr_strratio( char * buf, size_t buflen, double ratio, const char * infinity ) TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1,4);

/* return a truncated double as a string */
char* tr_strtruncd( char * buf, double x, int precision, size_t buflen );

/** @brief Portability wrapper for localtime_r() that uses the system implementation if available */
struct tm * tr_localtime_r( const time_t *_clock, struct tm *_result );


/**
 * @brief move a file
 * @return 0 on success; otherwise, return -1 and set errno
 */
int tr_moveFile( const char * oldpath, const char * newpath,
                 tr_bool * renamed ) TR_GNUC_NONNULL(1,2);

/** @brief convenience function to remove an item from an array */
static inline void tr_removeElementFromArray( void   * array,
                                              int      index_to_remove,
                                              size_t   sizeof_element,
                                              size_t   nmemb )
{
    char * a = (char*) array;

    memmove( a + sizeof_element * index_to_remove,
             a + sizeof_element * ( index_to_remove  + 1 ),
             sizeof_element * ( --nmemb - index_to_remove ) );
}

/***
****
***/

/** @brief Private libtransmission variable that's visible only for inlining in tr_time() */
extern time_t transmission_now;

/**
 * @brief very inexpensive form of time(NULL)
 * @return the current epoch time in seconds
 *
 * This function returns a second counter that is updated once per second.
 * If something blocks the libtransmission thread for more than a second,
 * that counter may be thrown off, so this function is not guaranteed
 * to always be accurate.  However, it is *much* faster when 100% accuracy
 * isn't needed
 */
static inline time_t tr_time( void ) { return transmission_now; }

/** @brief Private libtransmission function to update tr_time()'s counter */
static inline void tr_timeUpdate( time_t now ) { transmission_now = now; }

/** @brief Portability wrapper for realpath() that uses the system implementation if available */
char* tr_realpath( const char *path, char * resolved_path );

/***
****
***/

/* example: tr_formatter_size_init( 1024, _("B"), _("KiB"), _("MiB"), _("GiB") ); */

void tr_formatter_size_init( double kilo, const char * b, const char * kb,
                                          const char * mb, const char * gb );

void tr_formatter_speed_init( double kilo, const char * b, const char * kb,
                                           const char * mb, const char * gb );

/* format a size into a user-readable string. */
char* tr_formatter_size( char * buf, uint64_t bytes, size_t buflen );

/* format a speed into a user-readable string. */
char* tr_formatter_speed( char * buf, uint64_t bytes_per_second, size_t buflen );

enum { TR_FMT_B, TR_FMT_KB, TR_FMT_MB, TR_FMT_GB };
/* return the human-readable unit initialized by tr_formatter_size_init() */
const char* tr_formatter_size_units( int size );
/* return the human-readable unit initialized by tr_formatter_speed_init() */
const char* tr_formatter_speed_units( int size );

/***
****
***/

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

/** @} */

#endif