763 lines
21 KiB
C
763 lines
21 KiB
C
/*
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Copyright (c) 2010 by Johannes Lieder
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
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to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
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all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
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OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
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THE SOFTWARE.
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*/
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/* ansi */
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#include <errno.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <string.h> /* strlen(), strncpy(), strstr(), memset() */
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/* posix */
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#include <signal.h> /* sig_atomic_t */
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#include <ctype.h> /* toupper() */
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#ifdef _WIN32
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#include <inttypes.h>
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#include <ws2tcpip.h>
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typedef uint16_t in_port_t; /* all missing */
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#else
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#include <sys/time.h>
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#include <unistd.h> /* close() */
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#include <sys/types.h>
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#include <sys/socket.h> /* socket(), bind() */
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#include <netinet/in.h> /* sockaddr_in */
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#endif
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/* third party */
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#include <event2/event.h>
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#include <event2/util.h>
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/* libT */
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#include "transmission.h"
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#include "log.h"
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#include "net.h"
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#include "peer-mgr.h" /* tr_peerMgrAddPex() */
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#include "session.h"
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#include "torrent.h" /* tr_torrentFindFromHash() */
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#include "tr-assert.h"
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#include "tr-lpd.h"
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#include "utils.h"
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#include "version.h"
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#define SIZEOF_HASH_STRING (sizeof(((struct tr_info*)0)->hashString))
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/**
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* @brief Local Peer Discovery
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* @file tr-lpd.c
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*
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* This module implements the Local Peer Discovery (LPD) protocol as supported by the
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* uTorrent client application. A typical LPD datagram is 119 bytes long.
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*
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*/
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static void event_callback(evutil_socket_t, short, void*);
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enum
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{
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UPKEEP_INTERVAL_SECS = 5
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};
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static struct event* upkeep_timer = NULL;
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static tr_socket_t lpd_socket; /**<separate multicast receive socket */
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static tr_socket_t lpd_socket2; /**<and multicast send socket */
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static struct event* lpd_event = NULL;
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static tr_port lpd_port;
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static tr_session* session;
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enum
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{
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lpd_maxDatagramLength = 200 /**<the size an LPD datagram must not exceed */
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};
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char const lpd_mcastGroup[] = "239.192.152.143"; /**<LPD multicast group */
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int const lpd_mcastPort = 6771; /**<LPD source and destination UPD port */
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static struct sockaddr_in lpd_mcastAddr; /**<initialized from the above constants in tr_lpdInit */
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/**
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* @brief Protocol-related information carried by a Local Peer Discovery packet */
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struct lpd_protocolVersion
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{
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int major;
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int minor;
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};
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enum lpd_enumTimeToLive
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{
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lpd_ttlSameSubnet = 1,
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lpd_ttlSameSite = 32,
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lpd_ttlSameRegion = 64,
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lpd_ttlSameContinent = 128,
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lpd_ttlUnrestricted = 255
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};
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enum
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{
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lpd_announceInterval = 4 * 60, /**<4 min announce interval per torrent */
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lpd_announceScope = lpd_ttlSameSubnet /**<the maximum scope for LPD datagrams */
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};
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/**
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* @defgroup DoS Message Flood Protection
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* @{
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* We want to have a means to protect the libtransmission backend against message
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* flooding: the strategy is to cap event processing once more than ten messages
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* per second (that is, taking the average over one of our housekeeping intervals)
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* got into our processing handler.
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* If we'd really hit the limit and start discarding events, we either joined an
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* extremely crowded multicast group or a malevolent host is sending bogus data to
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* our socket. In this situation, we rather miss some announcements than blocking
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* the actual task.
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* @}
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*/
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/**
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* @ingroup DoS
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* @brief allow at most ten messages per second (interval average)
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* @note this constraint is only enforced once per housekeeping interval */
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enum
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{
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lpd_announceCapFactor = 10
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};
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/**
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* @ingroup DoS
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* @brief number of unsolicited messages during the last HK interval
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* @remark counts downwards */
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static int lpd_unsolicitedMsgCounter;
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/**
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* @def CRLF
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* @brief a line-feed, as understood by the LPD protocol */
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#define CRLF "\r\n"
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/**
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* @defgroup HttpReqProc HTTP-style request handling
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* @{
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*/
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/**
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* @brief Checks for BT-SEARCH method and separates the parameter section
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* @param[in] s The request string
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* @param[out] ver If non-NULL, gets filled with protocol info from the request
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* @return Returns a relative pointer to the beginning of the parameter section.
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* If result is NULL, s was invalid and no information will be returned
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* @remark Note that the returned pointer is only usable as long as the given
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* pointer s is valid; that is, return storage is temporary.
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*
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* Determines whether the given string checks out to be a valid BT-SEARCH message.
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* If so, the return value points to the beginning of the parameter section (note:
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* in this case the function returns a character sequence beginning with CRLF).
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* If parameter is not NULL, the declared protocol version is returned as part of
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* the lpd_protocolVersion structure.
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*/
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static char const* lpd_extractHeader(char const* s, struct lpd_protocolVersion* const ver)
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{
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TR_ASSERT(s != NULL);
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int major = -1;
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int minor = -1;
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size_t len = strlen(s);
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/* something might be rotten with this chunk of data */
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if (len == 0 || len > lpd_maxDatagramLength)
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{
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return NULL;
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}
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/* now we can attempt to look up the BT-SEARCH header */
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if (sscanf(s, "BT-SEARCH * HTTP/%d.%d" CRLF, &major, &minor) != 2)
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{
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return NULL;
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}
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if (major < 0 || minor < 0)
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{
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return NULL;
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}
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{
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/* a pair of blank lines at the end of the string, no place else */
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char const* const two_blank = CRLF CRLF CRLF;
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char const* const end = strstr(s, two_blank);
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if (end == NULL || strlen(end) > strlen(two_blank))
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{
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return NULL;
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}
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}
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if (ver != NULL)
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{
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ver->major = major;
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ver->minor = minor;
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}
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/* separate the header, begins with CRLF */
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return strstr(s, CRLF);
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}
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/**
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* @brief Return the value of a named parameter
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*
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* @param[in] str Input string of "\r\nName: Value" pairs without HTTP-style method part
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* @param[in] name Name of parameter to extract
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* @param[in] n Maximum available storage for value to return
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* @param[out] val Output parameter for the actual value
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* @return Returns 1 if value could be copied successfully
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*
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* Extracts the associated value of a named parameter from a HTTP-style header by
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* performing the following steps:
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* - assemble search string "\r\nName: " and locate position
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* - copy back value from end to next "\r\n"
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*/
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static bool lpd_extractParam(char const* const str, char const* const name, int n, char* const val)
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{
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TR_ASSERT(str != NULL);
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TR_ASSERT(name != NULL);
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TR_ASSERT(val != NULL);
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enum
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{
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/* configure maximum length of search string here */
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maxLength = 30
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};
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char sstr[maxLength] = { 0 };
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char const* pos;
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if (strlen(name) > maxLength - strlen(CRLF ": "))
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{
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return false;
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}
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/* compose the string token to search for */
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tr_snprintf(sstr, maxLength, CRLF "%s: ", name);
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pos = strstr(str, sstr);
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if (pos == NULL)
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{
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return false; /* search was not successful */
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}
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{
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char const* const beg = pos + strlen(sstr);
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char const* const new_line = strstr(beg, CRLF);
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/* the value is delimited by the next CRLF */
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int const len = new_line - beg;
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/* if value string hits the length limit n,
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* leave space for a trailing '\0' character */
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n = MIN(len, n - 1);
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strncpy(val, beg, n);
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val[n] = 0;
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}
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/* we successfully returned the value string */
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* @} */
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static void on_upkeep_timer(evutil_socket_t, short, void*);
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/**
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* @brief Initializes Local Peer Discovery for this node
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*
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* For the most part, this means setting up an appropriately configured multicast socket
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* and event-based message handling.
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*
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* @remark Since the LPD service does not use another protocol family yet, this code is
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* IPv4 only for the time being.
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*/
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int tr_lpdInit(tr_session* ss, tr_address* tr_addr)
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{
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TR_UNUSED(tr_addr);
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/* if this check fails (i.e. the definition of hashString changed), update
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* string handling in tr_lpdSendAnnounce() and tr_lpdConsiderAnnounce().
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* However, the code should work as long as interfaces to the rest of
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* libtransmission are compatible with char* strings. */
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TR_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(((struct tr_info*)0)->hashString[0]) == sizeof(char), "");
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struct ip_mreq mcastReq;
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int const opt_on = 1;
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int const opt_off = 0;
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if (session != NULL) /* already initialized */
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{
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return -1;
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}
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TR_ASSERT(lpd_announceInterval > 0);
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TR_ASSERT(lpd_announceScope > 0);
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lpd_port = tr_sessionGetPeerPort(ss);
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if (lpd_port <= 0)
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{
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return -1;
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}
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tr_logAddNamedDbg("LPD", "Initialising Local Peer Discovery");
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/* setup datagram socket (receive) */
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{
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lpd_socket = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
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if (lpd_socket == TR_BAD_SOCKET)
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{
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goto fail;
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}
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if (evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(lpd_socket) == -1)
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{
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goto fail;
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}
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if (setsockopt(lpd_socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (void const*)&opt_on, sizeof(opt_on)) == -1)
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{
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goto fail;
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}
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memset(&lpd_mcastAddr, 0, sizeof(lpd_mcastAddr));
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lpd_mcastAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
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lpd_mcastAddr.sin_port = htons(lpd_mcastPort);
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if (evutil_inet_pton(lpd_mcastAddr.sin_family, lpd_mcastGroup, &lpd_mcastAddr.sin_addr) == -1)
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{
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goto fail;
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}
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if (bind(lpd_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&lpd_mcastAddr, sizeof(lpd_mcastAddr)) == -1)
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{
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goto fail;
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}
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/* we want to join that LPD multicast group */
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memset(&mcastReq, 0, sizeof(mcastReq));
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mcastReq.imr_multiaddr = lpd_mcastAddr.sin_addr;
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mcastReq.imr_interface.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
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if (setsockopt(lpd_socket, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, (void const*)&mcastReq, sizeof(mcastReq)) == -1)
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{
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goto fail;
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}
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if (setsockopt(lpd_socket, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, (void const*)&opt_off, sizeof(opt_off)) == -1)
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{
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goto fail;
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}
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}
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/* setup datagram socket (send) */
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{
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unsigned char const scope = lpd_announceScope;
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lpd_socket2 = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
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if (lpd_socket2 == TR_BAD_SOCKET)
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{
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goto fail;
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}
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if (evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(lpd_socket2) == -1)
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{
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goto fail;
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}
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/* configure outbound multicast TTL */
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if (setsockopt(lpd_socket2, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, (void const*)&scope, sizeof(scope)) == -1)
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{
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goto fail;
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}
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if (setsockopt(lpd_socket2, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, (void const*)&opt_off, sizeof(opt_off)) == -1)
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{
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goto fail;
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}
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}
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session = ss;
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/* Note: lpd_unsolicitedMsgCounter remains 0 until the first timeout event, thus
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* any announcement received during the initial interval will be discarded. */
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lpd_event = event_new(ss->event_base, lpd_socket, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST, event_callback, NULL);
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event_add(lpd_event, NULL);
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upkeep_timer = evtimer_new(ss->event_base, on_upkeep_timer, ss);
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tr_timerAdd(upkeep_timer, UPKEEP_INTERVAL_SECS, 0);
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tr_logAddNamedDbg("LPD", "Local Peer Discovery initialised");
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return 1;
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fail:
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{
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int const save = errno;
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evutil_closesocket(lpd_socket);
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evutil_closesocket(lpd_socket2);
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lpd_socket = lpd_socket2 = TR_BAD_SOCKET;
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session = NULL;
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tr_logAddNamedDbg("LPD", "LPD initialisation failed (errno = %d)", save);
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errno = save;
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}
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return -1;
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}
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void tr_lpdUninit(tr_session* ss)
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{
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if (session != ss)
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{
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return;
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}
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tr_logAddNamedDbg("LPD", "Uninitialising Local Peer Discovery");
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event_free(lpd_event);
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lpd_event = NULL;
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evtimer_del(upkeep_timer);
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upkeep_timer = NULL;
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/* just shut down, we won't remember any former nodes */
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evutil_closesocket(lpd_socket);
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evutil_closesocket(lpd_socket2);
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tr_logAddNamedDbg("LPD", "Done uninitialising Local Peer Discovery");
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session = NULL;
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}
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bool tr_lpdEnabled(tr_session const* ss)
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{
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return ss != NULL && ss == session;
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}
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/**
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* @endcond */
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/**
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* @defgroup LdsProto LPD announcement processing
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* @{
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*/
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/**
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* @brief Announce the given torrent on the local network
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*
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* @param[in] t Torrent to announce
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* @return Returns true on success
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*
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* Send a query for torrent t out to the LPD multicast group (or the LAN, for that
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* matter). A listening client on the same network might react by adding us to his
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* peer pool for torrent t.
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*/
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bool tr_lpdSendAnnounce(tr_torrent const* t)
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{
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char const fmt[] = //
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"BT-SEARCH * HTTP/%u.%u" CRLF //
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"Host: %s:%u" CRLF //
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"Port: %u" CRLF //
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"Infohash: %s" CRLF //
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"" CRLF //
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"" CRLF;
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char hashString[SIZEOF_HASH_STRING];
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char query[lpd_maxDatagramLength + 1] = { 0 };
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if (t == NULL)
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{
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return false;
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}
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/* make sure the hash string is normalized, just in case */
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for (size_t i = 0; i < TR_N_ELEMENTS(hashString); ++i)
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{
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hashString[i] = toupper(t->info.hashString[i]);
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}
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/* prepare a zero-terminated announce message */
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tr_snprintf(query, lpd_maxDatagramLength + 1, fmt, 1, 1, lpd_mcastGroup, lpd_mcastPort, lpd_port, hashString);
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/* actually send the query out using [lpd_socket2] */
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{
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int const len = strlen(query);
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/* destination address info has already been set up in tr_lpdInit(),
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* so we refrain from preparing another sockaddr_in here */
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int res = sendto(
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lpd_socket2,
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(void const*)query,
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len,
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0,
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(struct sockaddr const*)&lpd_mcastAddr,
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sizeof(lpd_mcastAddr));
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if (res != len)
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{
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return false;
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}
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}
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tr_logAddTorDbg(t, "LPD announce message away");
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* @brief Process incoming unsolicited messages and add the peer to the announced
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* torrent if all checks are passed.
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*
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* @param[in,out] peer Adress information of the peer to add
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* @param[in] msg The announcement message to consider
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* @return Returns 0 if any input parameter or the announce was invalid, 1 if the peer
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* was successfully added, -1 if not; a non-null return value indicates a side-effect to
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* the peer in/out parameter.
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*
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* @note The port information gets added to the peer structure if tr_lpdConsiderAnnounce
|
|
* is able to extract the necessary information from the announce message. That is, if
|
|
* return != 0, the caller may retrieve the value from the passed structure.
|
|
*/
|
|
static int tr_lpdConsiderAnnounce(tr_pex* peer, char const* const msg)
|
|
{
|
|
enum
|
|
{
|
|
maxValueLen = 25,
|
|
maxHashLen = SIZEOF_HASH_STRING
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
struct lpd_protocolVersion ver = { .major = -1, .minor = -1 };
|
|
char value[maxValueLen] = { 0 };
|
|
char hashString[maxHashLen] = { 0 };
|
|
int res = 0;
|
|
int peerPort = 0;
|
|
|
|
if (peer != NULL && msg != NULL)
|
|
{
|
|
tr_torrent* tor = NULL;
|
|
|
|
char const* params = lpd_extractHeader(msg, &ver);
|
|
|
|
if (params == NULL || ver.major != 1) /* allow messages of protocol v1 */
|
|
{
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* save the effort to check Host, which seems to be optional anyway */
|
|
|
|
if (!lpd_extractParam(params, "Port", maxValueLen, value))
|
|
{
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* determine announced peer port, refuse if value too large */
|
|
if (sscanf(value, "%d", &peerPort) != 1 || peerPort > (in_port_t)-1)
|
|
{
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
peer->port = htons(peerPort);
|
|
res = -1; /* signal caller side-effect to peer->port via return != 0 */
|
|
|
|
if (!lpd_extractParam(params, "Infohash", maxHashLen, hashString))
|
|
{
|
|
return res;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
tor = tr_torrentFindFromHashString(session, hashString);
|
|
|
|
if (tr_isTorrent(tor) && tr_torrentAllowsLPD(tor))
|
|
{
|
|
/* we found a suitable peer, add it to the torrent */
|
|
tr_peerMgrAddPex(tor, TR_PEER_FROM_LPD, peer, -1);
|
|
tr_logAddTorDbg(tor, "Learned %d local peer from LPD (%s:%u)", 1, tr_address_to_string(&peer->addr), peerPort);
|
|
|
|
/* periodic reconnectPulse() deals with the rest... */
|
|
|
|
return 1;
|
|
}
|
|
else
|
|
{
|
|
tr_logAddNamedDbg("LPD", "Cannot serve torrent #%s", hashString);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return res;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* @} */
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* @note Since it possible for tr_lpdAnnounceMore to get called from outside the LPD module,
|
|
* the function needs to be informed of the externally employed housekeeping interval.
|
|
* Further, by setting interval to zero (or negative) the caller may actually disable LPD
|
|
* announces on a per-interval basis.
|
|
*
|
|
* TODO: since this function's been made private and is called by a periodic timer,
|
|
* most of the previous paragraph isn't true anymore... we weren't using that functionality
|
|
* before. are there cases where we should? if not, should we remove the bells & whistles?
|
|
*/
|
|
static int tr_lpdAnnounceMore(time_t const now, int const interval)
|
|
{
|
|
tr_torrent* tor = NULL;
|
|
int announcesSent = 0;
|
|
|
|
if (!tr_isSession(session))
|
|
{
|
|
return -1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
while ((tor = tr_torrentNext(session, tor)) != NULL && tr_sessionAllowsLPD(session))
|
|
{
|
|
if (tr_isTorrent(tor))
|
|
{
|
|
int announcePrio = 0;
|
|
|
|
if (!tr_torrentAllowsLPD(tor))
|
|
{
|
|
continue;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* issue #3208: prioritize downloads before seeds */
|
|
switch (tr_torrentGetActivity(tor))
|
|
{
|
|
case TR_STATUS_DOWNLOAD:
|
|
announcePrio = 1;
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case TR_STATUS_SEED:
|
|
announcePrio = 2;
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
default: /* fall through */
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (announcePrio > 0 && tor->lpdAnnounceAt <= now)
|
|
{
|
|
if (tr_lpdSendAnnounce(tor))
|
|
{
|
|
announcesSent++;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
tor->lpdAnnounceAt = now + lpd_announceInterval * announcePrio;
|
|
|
|
break; /* that's enough; for this interval */
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* perform housekeeping for the flood protection mechanism */
|
|
{
|
|
int const maxAnnounceCap = interval * lpd_announceCapFactor;
|
|
|
|
if (lpd_unsolicitedMsgCounter < 0)
|
|
{
|
|
tr_logAddNamedInfo(
|
|
"LPD",
|
|
"Dropped %d announces in the last interval (max. %d allowed)",
|
|
-lpd_unsolicitedMsgCounter,
|
|
maxAnnounceCap);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
lpd_unsolicitedMsgCounter = maxAnnounceCap;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return announcesSent;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
static void on_upkeep_timer(evutil_socket_t s, short type, void* user_data)
|
|
{
|
|
TR_UNUSED(s);
|
|
TR_UNUSED(type);
|
|
TR_UNUSED(user_data);
|
|
|
|
time_t const now = tr_time();
|
|
tr_lpdAnnounceMore(now, UPKEEP_INTERVAL_SECS);
|
|
tr_timerAdd(upkeep_timer, UPKEEP_INTERVAL_SECS, 0);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* @brief Processing of timeout notifications and incoming data on the socket
|
|
* @note maximum rate of read events is limited according to @a lpd_maxAnnounceCap
|
|
* @see DoS */
|
|
static void event_callback(evutil_socket_t s, short type, void* user_data)
|
|
{
|
|
TR_UNUSED(s);
|
|
TR_UNUSED(user_data);
|
|
|
|
TR_ASSERT(tr_isSession(session));
|
|
|
|
/* do not allow announces to be processed if LPD is disabled */
|
|
if (!tr_sessionAllowsLPD(session))
|
|
{
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if ((type & EV_READ) != 0)
|
|
{
|
|
struct sockaddr_in foreignAddr;
|
|
int addrLen = sizeof(foreignAddr);
|
|
char foreignMsg[lpd_maxDatagramLength + 1];
|
|
|
|
/* process local announcement from foreign peer */
|
|
int res = recvfrom(
|
|
lpd_socket,
|
|
(void*)foreignMsg,
|
|
lpd_maxDatagramLength,
|
|
0,
|
|
(struct sockaddr*)&foreignAddr,
|
|
(socklen_t*)&addrLen);
|
|
|
|
/* besides, do we get flooded? then bail out! */
|
|
if (--lpd_unsolicitedMsgCounter < 0)
|
|
{
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (res > 0 && res <= lpd_maxDatagramLength)
|
|
{
|
|
struct tr_pex foreignPeer = {
|
|
.port = 0, /* the peer-to-peer port is yet unknown */
|
|
.flags = 0,
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
/* be paranoid enough about zero terminating the foreign string */
|
|
foreignMsg[res] = '\0';
|
|
|
|
foreignPeer.addr.addr.addr4 = foreignAddr.sin_addr;
|
|
|
|
if (tr_lpdConsiderAnnounce(&foreignPeer, foreignMsg) != 0)
|
|
{
|
|
return; /* OK so far, no log message */
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
tr_logAddNamedDbg("LPD", "Discarded invalid multicast message");
|
|
}
|
|
}
|