mirror of
https://github.com/transmission/transmission
synced 2024-12-25 01:03:01 +00:00
9c17463a80
* Revert "perf: improve IPv4 `tr_address` comparison (#5651)"
This reverts commit 70decc1d9d.
* added tests
* add ipv4 equal test and std header
736 lines
21 KiB
C++
736 lines
21 KiB
C++
// This file Copyright © 2010-2023 Transmission authors and contributors.
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// It may be used under the MIT (SPDX: MIT) license.
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// License text can be found in the licenses/ folder.
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#include <algorithm>
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#include <array>
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#include <cerrno>
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#include <climits>
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#include <cstdint>
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#include <cstring>
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#include <iterator> // std::back_inserter
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#include <string_view>
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#include <utility> // std::pair
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#include <sys/types.h>
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#ifdef _WIN32
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#include <ws2tcpip.h>
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#else
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#include <netinet/tcp.h> /* TCP_CONGESTION */
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#endif
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#include <event2/util.h>
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#include <fmt/core.h>
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#include <libutp/utp.h>
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#include "libtransmission/transmission.h"
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#include "libtransmission/log.h"
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#include "libtransmission/net.h"
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#include "libtransmission/peer-socket.h"
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#include "libtransmission/session.h"
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#include "libtransmission/tr-assert.h"
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#include "libtransmission/tr-macros.h"
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#include "libtransmission/tr-utp.h"
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#include "libtransmission/utils.h"
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#include "libtransmission/variant.h"
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using namespace std::literals;
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#ifndef IN_MULTICAST
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#define IN_MULTICAST(a) (((a)&0xf0000000) == 0xe0000000)
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#endif
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std::string tr_net_strerror(int err)
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{
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#ifdef _WIN32
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auto buf = std::array<char, 512>{};
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(void)FormatMessageA(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM, nullptr, err, 0, std::data(buf), std::size(buf), nullptr);
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return std::string{ tr_strv_strip(std::data(buf)) };
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#else
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return std::string{ tr_strerror(err) };
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#endif
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}
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// - TCP Sockets
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[[nodiscard]] std::optional<tr_tos_t> tr_tos_t::from_string(std::string_view name)
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{
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auto const needle = tr_strlower(tr_strv_strip(name));
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for (auto const& [value, key] : Names)
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{
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if (needle == key)
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{
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return tr_tos_t(value);
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}
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}
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if (auto value = tr_num_parse<int>(needle); value)
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{
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return tr_tos_t(*value);
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}
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return {};
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}
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std::string tr_tos_t::toString() const
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{
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for (auto const& [value, key] : Names)
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{
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if (value_ == value)
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{
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return std::string{ key };
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}
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}
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return std::to_string(value_);
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}
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void tr_netSetTOS([[maybe_unused]] tr_socket_t s, [[maybe_unused]] int tos, tr_address_type type)
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{
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if (s == TR_BAD_SOCKET)
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{
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return;
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}
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if (type == TR_AF_INET)
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{
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#if defined(IP_TOS) && !defined(_WIN32)
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if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS, (void const*)&tos, sizeof(tos)) == -1)
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{
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tr_logAddDebug(fmt::format("Can't set TOS '{}': {}", tos, tr_net_strerror(sockerrno)));
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}
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#endif
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}
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else if (type == TR_AF_INET6)
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{
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#if defined(IPV6_TCLASS) && !defined(_WIN32)
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if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_TCLASS, (void const*)&tos, sizeof(tos)) == -1)
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{
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tr_logAddDebug(fmt::format("Can't set IPv6 QoS '{}': {}", tos, tr_net_strerror(sockerrno)));
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}
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#endif
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}
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else
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{
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/* program should never reach here! */
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tr_logAddDebug("Something goes wrong while setting TOS/Traffic-Class");
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}
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}
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void tr_netSetCongestionControl([[maybe_unused]] tr_socket_t s, [[maybe_unused]] char const* algorithm)
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{
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#ifdef TCP_CONGESTION
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if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_CONGESTION, (void const*)algorithm, strlen(algorithm) + 1) == -1)
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{
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tr_logAddDebug(fmt::format("Can't set congestion control algorithm '{}': {}", algorithm, tr_net_strerror(sockerrno)));
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}
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#endif
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}
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static tr_socket_t createSocket(int domain, int type)
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{
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auto const sockfd = socket(domain, type, 0);
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if (sockfd == TR_BAD_SOCKET)
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{
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if (sockerrno != EAFNOSUPPORT)
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{
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tr_logAddWarn(fmt::format(
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_("Couldn't create socket: {error} ({error_code})"),
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fmt::arg("error", tr_net_strerror(sockerrno)),
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fmt::arg("error_code", sockerrno)));
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}
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return TR_BAD_SOCKET;
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}
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if (evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(sockfd) == -1)
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{
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tr_net_close_socket(sockfd);
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return TR_BAD_SOCKET;
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}
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if (static bool buf_logged = false; !buf_logged)
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{
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int i = 0;
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socklen_t size = sizeof(i);
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if (getsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, reinterpret_cast<char*>(&i), &size) != -1)
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{
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tr_logAddTrace(fmt::format("SO_SNDBUF size is {}", i));
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}
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i = 0;
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size = sizeof(i);
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if (getsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, reinterpret_cast<char*>(&i), &size) != -1)
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{
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tr_logAddTrace(fmt::format("SO_RCVBUF size is {}", i));
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}
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buf_logged = true;
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}
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return sockfd;
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}
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tr_peer_socket tr_netOpenPeerSocket(tr_session* session, tr_address const& addr, tr_port port, bool client_is_seed)
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{
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TR_ASSERT(addr.is_valid());
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TR_ASSERT(!tr_peer_socket::limit_reached(session));
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if (tr_peer_socket::limit_reached(session) || !session->allowsTCP() || !addr.is_valid_for_peers(port))
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{
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return {};
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}
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static auto constexpr Domains = std::array<int, NUM_TR_AF_INET_TYPES>{ AF_INET, AF_INET6 };
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auto const s = createSocket(Domains[addr.type], SOCK_STREAM);
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if (s == TR_BAD_SOCKET)
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{
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return {};
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}
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// seeds don't need a big read buffer, so make it smaller
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if (client_is_seed)
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{
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int n = 8192;
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if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, reinterpret_cast<char const*>(&n), sizeof(n)) == -1)
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{
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tr_logAddDebug(fmt::format("Unable to set SO_RCVBUF on socket {}: {}", s, tr_net_strerror(sockerrno)));
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}
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}
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auto const [sock, addrlen] = addr.to_sockaddr(port);
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// set source address
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auto const source_addr = session->bind_address(addr.type);
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auto const [source_sock, sourcelen] = source_addr.to_sockaddr({});
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if (bind(s, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr const*>(&source_sock), sourcelen) == -1)
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{
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tr_logAddWarn(fmt::format(
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_("Couldn't set source address {address} on {socket}: {error} ({error_code})"),
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fmt::arg("address", source_addr.display_name()),
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fmt::arg("socket", s),
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fmt::arg("error", tr_net_strerror(sockerrno)),
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fmt::arg("error_code", sockerrno)));
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tr_net_close_socket(s);
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return {};
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}
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auto ret = tr_peer_socket{};
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if (connect(s, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr const*>(&sock), addrlen) == -1 &&
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#ifdef _WIN32
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sockerrno != WSAEWOULDBLOCK &&
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#endif
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sockerrno != EINPROGRESS)
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{
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if (auto const tmperrno = sockerrno;
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(tmperrno != ECONNREFUSED && tmperrno != ENETUNREACH && tmperrno != EHOSTUNREACH) || addr.is_ipv4())
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{
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tr_logAddWarn(fmt::format(
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_("Couldn't connect socket {socket} to {address}:{port}: {error} ({error_code})"),
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fmt::arg("socket", s),
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fmt::arg("address", addr.display_name()),
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fmt::arg("port", port.host()),
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fmt::arg("error", tr_net_strerror(tmperrno)),
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fmt::arg("error_code", tmperrno)));
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}
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tr_net_close_socket(s);
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}
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else
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{
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ret = tr_peer_socket{ session, addr, port, s };
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}
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tr_logAddTrace(fmt::format("New OUTGOING connection {} ({})", s, addr.display_name(port)));
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return ret;
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}
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static tr_socket_t tr_netBindTCPImpl(tr_address const& addr, tr_port port, bool suppress_msgs, int* err_out)
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{
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TR_ASSERT(addr.is_valid());
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static auto constexpr Domains = std::array<int, NUM_TR_AF_INET_TYPES>{ AF_INET, AF_INET6 };
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auto const fd = socket(Domains[addr.type], SOCK_STREAM, 0);
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if (fd == TR_BAD_SOCKET)
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{
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*err_out = sockerrno;
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return TR_BAD_SOCKET;
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}
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if (evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(fd) == -1)
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{
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*err_out = sockerrno;
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tr_net_close_socket(fd);
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return TR_BAD_SOCKET;
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}
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int optval = 1;
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(void)setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, reinterpret_cast<char const*>(&optval), sizeof(optval));
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(void)setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, reinterpret_cast<char const*>(&optval), sizeof(optval));
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#ifdef IPV6_V6ONLY
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if (addr.is_ipv6() &&
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(setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, reinterpret_cast<char const*>(&optval), sizeof(optval)) == -1) &&
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(sockerrno != ENOPROTOOPT)) // if the kernel doesn't support it, ignore it
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{
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*err_out = sockerrno;
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tr_net_close_socket(fd);
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return TR_BAD_SOCKET;
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}
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#endif
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auto const [sock, addrlen] = addr.to_sockaddr(port);
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if (bind(fd, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr const*>(&sock), addrlen) == -1)
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{
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int const err = sockerrno;
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if (!suppress_msgs)
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{
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tr_logAddError(fmt::format(
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err == EADDRINUSE ?
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_("Couldn't bind port {port} on {address}: {error} ({error_code}) -- Is another copy of Transmission already running?") :
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_("Couldn't bind port {port} on {address}: {error} ({error_code})"),
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fmt::arg("address", addr.display_name()),
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fmt::arg("port", port.host()),
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fmt::arg("error", tr_net_strerror(err)),
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fmt::arg("error_code", err)));
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}
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tr_net_close_socket(fd);
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*err_out = err;
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return TR_BAD_SOCKET;
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}
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if (!suppress_msgs)
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{
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tr_logAddDebug(fmt::format(FMT_STRING("Bound socket {:d} to port {:d} on {:s}"), fd, port.host(), addr.display_name()));
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}
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#ifdef TCP_FASTOPEN
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#ifndef SOL_TCP
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#define SOL_TCP IPPROTO_TCP
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#endif
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optval = 5;
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(void)setsockopt(fd, SOL_TCP, TCP_FASTOPEN, reinterpret_cast<char const*>(&optval), sizeof(optval));
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#endif
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#ifdef _WIN32
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if (listen(fd, SOMAXCONN) == -1)
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#else /* _WIN32 */
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/* Listen queue backlog will be capped to the operating system's limit. */
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if (listen(fd, INT_MAX) == -1)
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#endif /* _WIN32 */
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{
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*err_out = sockerrno;
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tr_net_close_socket(fd);
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return TR_BAD_SOCKET;
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}
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return fd;
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}
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tr_socket_t tr_netBindTCP(tr_address const& addr, tr_port port, bool suppress_msgs)
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{
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int unused = 0;
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return tr_netBindTCPImpl(addr, port, suppress_msgs, &unused);
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}
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std::optional<std::tuple<tr_address, tr_port, tr_socket_t>> tr_netAccept(tr_session* session, tr_socket_t listening_sockfd)
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{
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TR_ASSERT(session != nullptr);
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// accept the incoming connection
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auto sock = sockaddr_storage{};
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socklen_t len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage);
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auto const sockfd = accept(listening_sockfd, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&sock), &len);
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if (sockfd == TR_BAD_SOCKET)
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{
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return {};
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}
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// get the address and port,
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// make the socket unblocking,
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// and confirm we don't have too many peers
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auto const addrport = tr_address::from_sockaddr(reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr*>(&sock));
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if (!addrport || evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(sockfd) == -1 || tr_peer_socket::limit_reached(session))
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{
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tr_net_close_socket(sockfd);
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return {};
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}
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return std::make_tuple(addrport->first, addrport->second, sockfd);
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}
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void tr_net_close_socket(tr_socket_t sockfd)
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{
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evutil_closesocket(sockfd);
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}
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// ---
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namespace
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{
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namespace is_valid_for_peers_helpers
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{
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[[nodiscard]] constexpr auto is_ipv4_mapped_address(tr_address const* addr)
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{
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return addr->is_ipv6() && IN6_IS_ADDR_V4MAPPED(&addr->addr.addr6);
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}
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[[nodiscard]] constexpr auto is_ipv6_link_local_address(tr_address const* addr)
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{
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return addr->is_ipv6() && IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&addr->addr.addr6);
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}
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/* isMartianAddr was written by Juliusz Chroboczek,
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and is covered under the same license as third-party/dht/dht.c. */
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[[nodiscard]] auto is_martian_addr(tr_address const& addr)
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{
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static auto constexpr Zeroes = std::array<unsigned char, 16>{};
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switch (addr.type)
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{
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case TR_AF_INET:
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{
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auto const* const address = reinterpret_cast<unsigned char const*>(&addr.addr.addr4);
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return address[0] == 0 || address[0] == 127 || (address[0] & 0xE0) == 0xE0;
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}
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case TR_AF_INET6:
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{
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auto const* const address = reinterpret_cast<unsigned char const*>(&addr.addr.addr6);
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return address[0] == 0xFF ||
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(memcmp(address, std::data(Zeroes), 15) == 0 && (address[15] == 0 || address[15] == 1));
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}
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default:
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return true;
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}
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}
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} // namespace is_valid_for_peers_helpers
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} // namespace
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bool tr_address::is_valid_for_peers(tr_port port) const noexcept
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{
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using namespace is_valid_for_peers_helpers;
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return is_valid() && !std::empty(port) && !is_ipv6_link_local_address(this) && !is_ipv4_mapped_address(this) &&
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!is_martian_addr(*this);
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}
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// --- tr_port
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std::pair<tr_port, std::byte const*> tr_port::fromCompact(std::byte const* compact) noexcept
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{
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static auto constexpr PortLen = size_t{ 2 };
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static_assert(PortLen == sizeof(uint16_t));
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auto nport = uint16_t{};
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std::copy_n(compact, PortLen, reinterpret_cast<std::byte*>(&nport));
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compact += PortLen;
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return std::make_pair(tr_port::fromNetwork(nport), compact);
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}
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// --- tr_address
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std::optional<tr_address> tr_address::from_string(std::string_view address_sv)
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{
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auto const address_sz = tr_strbuf<char, TR_ADDRSTRLEN>{ address_sv };
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auto addr = tr_address{};
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addr.addr.addr4 = {};
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if (evutil_inet_pton(AF_INET, address_sz, &addr.addr.addr4) == 1)
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{
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addr.type = TR_AF_INET;
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return addr;
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}
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addr.addr.addr6 = {};
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if (evutil_inet_pton(AF_INET6, address_sz, &addr.addr.addr6) == 1)
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{
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addr.type = TR_AF_INET6;
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return addr;
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}
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return {};
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}
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std::string_view tr_address::display_name(char* out, size_t outlen, tr_port port) const
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{
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if (std::empty(port))
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{
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return is_ipv4() ? evutil_inet_ntop(AF_INET, &addr, out, outlen) : evutil_inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &addr, out, outlen);
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}
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auto buf = std::array<char, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN>{};
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auto const addr_sv = display_name(std::data(buf), std::size(buf));
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auto const [end, size] = fmt::format_to_n(out, outlen - 1, FMT_STRING("[{:s}]:{:d}"), addr_sv, port.host());
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return { out, size };
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}
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template<typename OutputIt>
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OutputIt tr_address::display_name(OutputIt out, tr_port port) const
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{
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auto addrbuf = std::array<char, TR_ADDRSTRLEN + 16>{};
|
||
auto const addr_sv = display_name(std::data(addrbuf), std::size(addrbuf), port);
|
||
return std::copy(std::begin(addr_sv), std::end(addr_sv), out);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
template char* tr_address::display_name<char*>(char*, tr_port) const;
|
||
|
||
[[nodiscard]] std::string tr_address::display_name(tr_port port) const
|
||
{
|
||
auto buf = std::string{};
|
||
buf.reserve(INET6_ADDRSTRLEN + 16);
|
||
this->display_name(std::back_inserter(buf), port);
|
||
return buf;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
std::pair<tr_address, std::byte const*> tr_address::from_compact_ipv4(std::byte const* compact) noexcept
|
||
{
|
||
static auto constexpr Addr4Len = size_t{ 4 };
|
||
|
||
auto address = tr_address{};
|
||
static_assert(sizeof(address.addr.addr4) == Addr4Len);
|
||
address.type = TR_AF_INET;
|
||
std::copy_n(compact, Addr4Len, reinterpret_cast<std::byte*>(&address.addr));
|
||
compact += Addr4Len;
|
||
|
||
return std::make_pair(address, compact);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
std::pair<tr_address, std::byte const*> tr_address::from_compact_ipv6(std::byte const* compact) noexcept
|
||
{
|
||
static auto constexpr Addr6Len = size_t{ 16 };
|
||
|
||
auto address = tr_address{};
|
||
address.type = TR_AF_INET6;
|
||
std::copy_n(compact, Addr6Len, reinterpret_cast<std::byte*>(&address.addr.addr6.s6_addr));
|
||
compact += Addr6Len;
|
||
|
||
return std::make_pair(address, compact);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
std::optional<std::pair<tr_address, tr_port>> tr_address::from_sockaddr(struct sockaddr const* from)
|
||
{
|
||
if (from == nullptr)
|
||
{
|
||
return {};
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
if (from->sa_family == AF_INET)
|
||
{
|
||
auto const* const sin = reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in const*>(from);
|
||
auto addr = tr_address{};
|
||
addr.type = TR_AF_INET;
|
||
addr.addr.addr4 = sin->sin_addr;
|
||
return std::make_pair(addr, tr_port::fromNetwork(sin->sin_port));
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
if (from->sa_family == AF_INET6)
|
||
{
|
||
auto const* const sin6 = reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in6 const*>(from);
|
||
auto addr = tr_address{};
|
||
addr.type = TR_AF_INET6;
|
||
addr.addr.addr6 = sin6->sin6_addr;
|
||
return std::make_pair(addr, tr_port::fromNetwork(sin6->sin6_port));
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
return {};
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
std::pair<sockaddr_storage, socklen_t> tr_address::to_sockaddr(tr_port port) const noexcept
|
||
{
|
||
auto ss = sockaddr_storage{};
|
||
|
||
if (is_ipv4())
|
||
{
|
||
auto* const ss4 = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_in*>(&ss);
|
||
ss4->sin_addr = addr.addr4;
|
||
ss4->sin_family = AF_INET;
|
||
ss4->sin_port = port.network();
|
||
return { ss, sizeof(sockaddr_in) };
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
auto* const ss6 = reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_in6*>(&ss);
|
||
ss6->sin6_addr = addr.addr6;
|
||
ss6->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
|
||
ss6->sin6_flowinfo = 0;
|
||
ss6->sin6_port = port.network();
|
||
return { ss, sizeof(sockaddr_in6) };
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
int tr_address::compare(tr_address const& that) const noexcept // <=>
|
||
{
|
||
// IPv6 addresses are always "greater than" IPv4
|
||
if (this->type != that.type)
|
||
{
|
||
return this->is_ipv4() ? 1 : -1;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
return this->is_ipv4() ? memcmp(&this->addr.addr4, &that.addr.addr4, sizeof(this->addr.addr4)) :
|
||
memcmp(&this->addr.addr6.s6_addr, &that.addr.addr6.s6_addr, sizeof(this->addr.addr6.s6_addr));
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserved_IP_addresses
|
||
[[nodiscard]] bool tr_address::is_global_unicast_address() const noexcept
|
||
{
|
||
if (is_ipv4())
|
||
{
|
||
auto const* const a = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t const*>(&addr.addr4.s_addr);
|
||
|
||
// [0.0.0.0–0.255.255.255]
|
||
// Current network.
|
||
if (a[0] == 0)
|
||
{
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// [10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255]
|
||
// Used for local communications within a private network.
|
||
if (a[0] == 10)
|
||
{
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// [100.64.0.0–100.127.255.255]
|
||
// Shared address space for communications between a service provider
|
||
// and its subscribers when using a carrier-grade NAT.
|
||
if ((a[0] == 100) && (64 <= a[1] && a[1] <= 127))
|
||
{
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// [169.254.0.0–169.254.255.255]
|
||
// Used for link-local addresses[5] between two hosts on a single link
|
||
// when no IP address is otherwise specified, such as would have
|
||
// normally been retrieved from a DHCP server.
|
||
if (a[0] == 169 && a[1] == 254)
|
||
{
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// [172.16.0.0–172.31.255.255]
|
||
// Used for local communications within a private network.
|
||
if ((a[0] == 172) && (16 <= a[1] && a[1] <= 31))
|
||
{
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// [192.0.0.0–192.0.0.255]
|
||
// IETF Protocol Assignments.
|
||
if (a[0] == 192 && a[1] == 0 && a[2] == 0)
|
||
{
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// [192.0.2.0–192.0.2.255]
|
||
// Assigned as TEST-NET-1, documentation and examples.
|
||
if (a[0] == 192 && a[1] == 0 && a[2] == 2)
|
||
{
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// [192.88.99.0–192.88.99.255]
|
||
// Reserved. Formerly used for IPv6 to IPv4 relay.
|
||
if (a[0] == 192 && a[1] == 88 && a[2] == 99)
|
||
{
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// [192.168.0.0–192.168.255.255]
|
||
// Used for local communications within a private network.
|
||
if (a[0] == 192 && a[1] == 168)
|
||
{
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// [198.18.0.0–198.19.255.255]
|
||
// Used for benchmark testing of inter-network communications
|
||
// between two separate subnets.
|
||
if (a[0] == 198 && (18 <= a[1] && a[1] <= 19))
|
||
{
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// [198.51.100.0–198.51.100.255]
|
||
// Assigned as TEST-NET-2, documentation and examples.
|
||
if (a[0] == 198 && a[1] == 51 && a[2] == 100)
|
||
{
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// [203.0.113.0–203.0.113.255]
|
||
// Assigned as TEST-NET-3, documentation and examples.
|
||
if (a[0] == 203 && a[1] == 0 && a[2] == 113)
|
||
{
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// [224.0.0.0–239.255.255.255]
|
||
// In use for IP multicast. (Former Class D network.)
|
||
if (224 <= a[0] && a[0] <= 230)
|
||
{
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// [233.252.0.0-233.252.0.255]
|
||
// Assigned as MCAST-TEST-NET, documentation and examples.
|
||
if (a[0] == 233 && a[1] == 252 && a[2] == 0)
|
||
{
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// [240.0.0.0–255.255.255.254]
|
||
// Reserved for future use. (Former Class E network.)
|
||
// [255.255.255.255]
|
||
// Reserved for the "limited broadcast" destination address.
|
||
if (240 <= a[0])
|
||
{
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
return true;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
if (is_ipv6())
|
||
{
|
||
auto const* const a = addr.addr6.s6_addr;
|
||
|
||
// TODO: 2000::/3 is commonly used for global unicast but technically
|
||
// other spaces would be allowable too, so we should test those here.
|
||
// See RFC 4291 in the Section 2.4 listing global unicast as everything
|
||
// that's not link-local, multicast, loopback, or unspecified.
|
||
return (a[0] & 0xE0) == 0x20;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|